Genetic characterization and population structure of maize populations using SSR markers

Adu, Gloria Boakyewaa; Awuku, Frederick Justice; Amegbor, Isaac Kodzo; Haruna, Akiko; Manigben, K. A.; Aboyadana, P.A.

doi:10.1016/j.aoas.2019.05.006

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The average gene diversity (0.50) detected among the tested inbred lines in this study indicated high levels of polymorphisms within the inbred lines. This result is in close agreement with the findings reported in other studies [ 30 , 64 ]. The frequency of the most common (major) alleles had an average of 0.59, suggesting that 59.0% of the studied inbreds shared a common major allele at any of the tested loci.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

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Genetic Diversity and Combining Ability of White Maize Inbred Lines under Different Plant Densities

Kamara

Rehan

Ibrahim

et al. 2020

Plants

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Knowledge of combining ability and genetic diversity are important prerequisites for the development of outstanding hybrids that are tolerant to high plant density. This work was carried out to assess general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), identify promising hybrids, estimate genetic diversity among the inbred lines and correlate genetic distance to hybrid performance and SCA across different plant densities. A total of 28 F1 hybrids obtained by crossing eight adverse inbred lines (four local and four exotic) were evaluated under three plant densities 59,500 (D1), 71,400 (D2) and 83,300 (D3) plants ha−1 using spilt plot design with three replications at two locations during 2018 season. Increasing plant density from D1 to D3 significantly decreased leaf angle (LANG), chlorophyll content (CHLC), all ear characteristics and grain yield per plant (GYPP). Contrarily, days to silking (DTS), anthesis–silking interval (ASI), plant height (PLHT), ear height (EHT), and grain yield per hectare (GYPH) were significantly increased. Both additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in the inheritance of all the evaluated traits, but additive gene action was predominant for most traits. Inbred lines L1, L2, and L5 were the best general combiners for increasing grain yield and other desirable traits across research environments. Two hybrids L2 × L5 and L2 × L8 were found to be good specific combiners for ASI, LANG, GYPP and GYPH. Furthermore, these hybrids are ideal for further testing and promotion for commercialization under high plant density. Genetic distance (GD) among pairs of inbred lines ranged from 0.31 to 0.78, with an average of 0.61. Clustering based on molecular GD has effectively grouped the inbred lines according to their origin. No significant correlation was found between GD and both hybrid performance and SCA for grain yield and other traits and proved to be of no predictive value. Nevertheless, SCA could be used to predict the hybrid performance across all plant densities. Overall, this work presents useful information regarding the inheritance of maize grain yield and other important traits under high plant density.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This result is consistent with the findings of Mageto et al [ 17 ], who reported that clustering based on GD grouped maize inbred lines according to their origin. Similarly, [ 34 , 64 ] revealed the effectiveness of SSR markers for classifying maize inbreds according to their origin in their studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Combining Ability of White Maize Inbred Lines under Different Plant Densities

Kamara

Rehan

Ibrahim

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…In this study, the mean number of alleles per locus (3.6) was similar to other reports of Kamara et al (2020), Steinfeld et al (2015), and Menkir et al (2004) which detected averages of 3.0, 2.9, and 2.7 alleles per locus, respectively. However, Adu, Awuku, et al (2019) and Oppong et al (2014) investigated genetic diversity in maize lines using SSR markers and reported relatively higher values of 5.7 and 6.21 alleles per locus, respectively. The varied number of alleles among different studies could be due to variations among genotypes, repeat length, population size, and the number of the SSR markers (Akinwale et al, 2014).…”

Section: Simple Sequence Repeat Analysis and Allele Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular markers and GGE biplot analysis for selecting higher‐yield and drought‐tolerant maize hybrids

et al. 2021

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Improving maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes for higher productivity and tolerance to drought stress depends mainly on physiological and molecular markers. Therefore, this study aims at breeding maize for drought tolerance and high potentiality by selection based on molecular markers, photosynthetic parameters; and easy graphic methods that help in selecting elite genotypes across diverse environments. An 8 × 8 half diallel analysis was used at two locations involving drought and normal irrigation treatments to study parental genetic diversity (GD) and combining ability (general combing ability [GCA] and specific combining ability [SCA]) in F1 of maize. Fingerprinting of parents was made using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fiftyeight alleles were ranged from two to five alleles per locus with an average of 0.63 alleles per locus. The average of polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.63. Cuvette temperature (oc) was lowest by the cross L14 × L36. The cross L8 × L34 expresses the highest value for Quantum sensor (μmol m -2 s -1 ), net CO 2 assimilation rate and chlorophyll content. As for leaf diffusive resistance (LDR) four crosses exhibited significant desirable LDR values. Concerning rate of leaf transpiration (LTR) (μg cm −2 S −1 ) the cross (L5 × L104) gave the lowest value. Most hybrids exhibited desirable values for drought susceptibility index. For grain yield plant -1 , five F 1 crosses, that is, L5 × L34, L8 × L14, L8 × L14, L30 × L104, and L36 × L104 expressed the most desirable SCA effects. These crosses are promising in maize breeding programs. Based on GGE biplot analysis, genotype nos. 8 and 10 exhibited the highest grain yield plant −1 and ranked the first across all environments.

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“…SSRs were used as molecular markers for analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in several cereal grass species e.g. pearl millet [ 23 ], rice [ 24 ], wheat [ 25 ], maize [ 26 ], barley [ 27 ], and rye [ 28 ]. SSRs have been also used to study the genetic structure in non-cereal grass species which are useful for foraging or paper/pulp industry or are of ecological and economical values such as bamboo [ 29 ], reed canary grass [ 30 ], guinea grass [ 31 ], Elymus nutans [ 32 ], ryegrass [ 33 ], buffalo grass [ 34 ], and centipede grass [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocol development for somatic embryogenesis, SSR markers and genetic modification of Stipagrostis pennata (Trin.) De Winter

et al. 2021

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Background Stipagrostis pennata (Trin.) De Winter is an important species for fixing sand in shifting and semi-fixed sandy lands, for grazing, and potentially as a source of lignocellulose fibres for pulp and paper industry. The seeds have low viability, which limits uses for revegetation. Somatic embryogenesis offers an alternative method for obtaining large numbers of plants from limited seed sources. Results A protocol for plant regeneration from somatic embryos of S. pennata was developed. Somatic embryogenesis was induced on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3 mg·L–1 2,4-D subsequently shoots were induced on MS medium and supplemented with 5 mg·L–1 zeatin riboside. The highest shoots induction was obtained when embryogenic callus derived from mature embryos (96%) in combination with MS filter-sterilized medium was used from Khuzestan location. The genetic stability of regenerated plants was analysed using ten simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers from S. pennata which showed no somaclonal variation in regenerated plants from somatic embryos of S. pennata. The regenerated plants of S. pennata showed genetic stability without any somaclonal variation for the four pairs of primers that gave the expected amplicon sizes. This data seems very reliable as three of the PCR products belonged to the coding region of the genome. Furthermore, stable expression of GUS was obtained after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using a super binary vector carried by a bacterial strain LBA4404. Conclusion To our knowledge, the current work is the first attempt to develop an in vitro protocol for somatic embryogenesis including the SSR marker analyses of regenerated plants, and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of S. pennata that can be used for its large-scale production for commercial purposes.

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Genetic characterization and population structure of maize populations using SSR markers

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Genetic Diversity and Combining Ability of White Maize Inbred Lines under Different Plant Densities

Genetic Diversity and Combining Ability of White Maize Inbred Lines under Different Plant Densities

Molecular markers and GGE biplot analysis for selecting higher‐yield and drought‐tolerant maize hybrids

Protocol development for somatic embryogenesis, SSR markers and genetic modification of Stipagrostis pennata (Trin.) De Winter

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