Genetic Characterization of Feline Leukemia Virus from Florida Panthers

Brown, Meredith A.; Cunningham, Mark W.; Roca, Alfred L.; Troyer, Jennifer L.; Johnson, Warren E.; O’Brien, Stephen J.

doi:10.3201/eid1402.070981

Cited by 64 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The relationship between predator-prey interactions and viral transmission is not well studied and may represent a process by which predators accumulate pathogens by a mechanism that is similar to the process of bioaccumulation of environmental toxins (61). For example, feline leukemia virus has spilled over from domestic cats and caused outbreaks with high morbidity in Florida panthers on multiple occasions (62,63). Another example is the recent discovery of a novel feline gammaherpesvirus that appears to be transmitted from bobcats to mountain lions (64).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Cross-Species Transmission: Implications for Emergence of New Lentiviral Infections

Lee

Malmberg

Wood

et al. 2017

J Virol

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Owing to a complex history of host-parasite coevolution, lentiviruses exhibit a high degree of species specificity. Given the well-documented viral archeology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) emergence following human exposures to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), an understanding of processes that promote successful cross-species lentiviral transmissions is highly relevant. We previously reported natural cross-species transmission of a subtype of feline immunodeficiency virus, puma lentivirus A (PLVA), between bobcats (Lynx rufus) and mountain lions (Puma concolor) for a small number of animals in California and Florida. In this study, we investigate host-specific selection pressures, within-host viral fitness, and inter-versus intraspecies transmission patterns among a larger collection of PLV isolates from free-ranging bobcats and mountain lions. Analyses of proviral and viral RNA levels demonstrate that PLVA fitness is severely restricted in mountain lions compared to that in bobcats. We document evidence of diversifying selection in three of six PLVA genomes from mountain lions, but we did not detect selection among 20 PLVA isolates from bobcats. These findings support the hypothesis that PLVA is a bobcat-adapted virus which is less fit in mountain lions and under intense selection pressure in the novel host. Ancestral reconstruction of transmission events reveals that intraspecific PLVA transmission has occurred among panthers (Puma concolor coryi) in Florida following the initial cross-species infection from bobcats. In contrast, interspecific transmission from bobcats to mountain lions predominates in California. These findings document outcomes of cross-species lentiviral transmission events among felids that compare to the emergence of HIV from nonhuman primates.IMPORTANCE Cross-species transmission episodes can be singular, dead-end events or can result in viral replication and spread in the new species. The factors that determine which outcome will occur are complex, and the risk of new virus emergence is therefore difficult to predict. We used molecular techniques to evaluate the transmission, fitness, and adaptation of puma lentivirus A (PLVA) between bobcats and mountain lions in two geographic regions. Our findings illustrate that mountain lion exposure to PLVA is relatively common but does not routinely result in communica-

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Cross-Species Transmission: Implications for Emergence of New Lentiviral Infections

Lee

Malmberg

Wood

et al. 2017

J Virol

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“…4,13 In addition, serosurveys of neotropical felids indicate antibodies to FeLV in all neotropical species maintained in captivity, except Panthera onca, and antibodies to FeLV in two free-ranging Panthera concolor. 4 Since serious clinical disease leading to death has been described in some wild felids, 1 FeLV infection is recognized as an emerging disease that may contribute to declines in these populations.…”

Section: Brief Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Feline Leukemia Virus and Feline Coronaviruses in Captive Neotropical Wild Felids from Southern Brazil

Guimarães¹,

Brandão²,

Moraes³

et al. 2009

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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2009Survey of feline leukemia virus and feline coronaviruses in captive neotropical wild felids from southern Brazil Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Lawrence, v. 40, n. 2, p. 360-364, 2009 http://producao.usp.br/handle/BDPI/2000 Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. Abstract: A total of 57 captive neotropical felids (one Leopardus geoffroyi, 14 Leopardus pardalis, 17 Leopardus wiedii, 22 Leopardus tigrinus, and three Puma yagouaroundi) from the Itaipu Binacional Wildlife Research Center (Refú gio Bela Vista, Southern Brazil) were anesthetized for blood collection. Feces samples were available for 44 animals, including one L. geoffroyi, eight L. pardalis, 14 L. wiedii, 20 L. tigrinus, and one P. yagouaroundi. Total DNA and RNA were extracted from blood and feces, respectively, using commercial kits. Blood DNA samples were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) proviral DNA, whereas reverse transcriptase-PCR was run on fecal samples for detection of coronavirus RNA. None of the samples were positive for coronaviruses. A male L. pardalis and a female L. tigrinus were positive for FeLV proviral DNA, and identities of PCR products were confirmed by sequencing. This is the first evidence of FeLV proviral DNA in these species in Southern Brazil. SURVEY OF FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS AND FELINE CORONAVIRUSES IN CAPTIVE NEOTROPICAL WILD FELIDS

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“…The virus isolate, designated FeLV-Pco, was shown to be closely related and perhaps identical to FeLV-945. Indeed, it was suggested that the outbreak may have been caused by cross-species transmission from a domestic cat, perhaps one infected with FeLV-945 (Brown et al, 2008). If recombination with endogenous FeLV-related elements is not required for disease induction by FeLV-945, then wild felids lacking such sequences in the genome may indeed be susceptible to infection and disease by this virus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The frequency of occurrence and nature of recombinant feline leukemia viruses in the induction of multicentric lymphoma by infection of the domestic cat with FeLV-945

Ahmad

Lévy

2010

Virology

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During feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection in the domestic cat, viruses with a novel envelope gene arise by recombination between endogenous FeLV-related elements and the exogenous infecting species. These recombinant viruses (FeLV-B) are of uncertain disease association, but have been linked to the induction of thymic lymphoma. To assess the role of FeLV-B in the induction of multicentric lymphoma and other non-T-cell disease, the frequency of occurrence and nature of FeLV-B was examined in diseased tissues from a large collection of FeLV-infected animals. Diseased tissues were examined by Southern blot and PCR amplification to detect the presence of FeLV-B. Further analysis was performed to establish the recombination junctions and infectivity of FeLV-B in diseased tissues. The results confirmed the frequent association of FeLV-B with thymic lymphoma but showed infrequent generation, low levels and lack of infectivity of FeLV-B in non-T-cell diseases including multicentric lymphoma.

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Genetic Characterization of Feline Leukemia Virus from Florida Panthers

Abstract: The emergent strain of FeLV, a novel subgroup A, was probably transmitted to panthers by a domestic cat.

Cited by 64 publications

References 29 publications

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Cross-Species Transmission: Implications for Emergence of New Lentiviral Infections

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Cross-Species Transmission: Implications for Emergence of New Lentiviral Infections

Survey of Feline Leukemia Virus and Feline Coronaviruses in Captive Neotropical Wild Felids from Southern Brazil

The frequency of occurrence and nature of recombinant feline leukemia viruses in the induction of multicentric lymphoma by infection of the domestic cat with FeLV-945

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