Genetic characterization of K13965, a strain of Oak Vale virus from Western Australia

Abstract

K13965, an uncharacterized virus, was isolated in 1993 from Anopheles annulipes mosquitoes collected in the Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. Here, we report its genomic sequence, identify it as a rhabdovirus, and characterize its phylogenetic relationships. The genome comprises a P′ (C) and SH protein similar to the recently characterized Tupaia and Durham viruses, and shows overlap between G and L genes. Comparison of K13965 genome sequence to other rhabdoviruses identified K13965 as a strain of the unclassified Australian Oak Vale rhabdovirus, whose complete genome sequence we also determined. Phylogenetic analysis of N and L sequences indicated genetic relationship to a recently proposed Sandjima virus clade, although the Oak Vale virus sequences form a branch separate from the African members of that group.

Enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: Identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in Australian mosquitoes

“…annulipes exhibits a diffuse distribution throughout Australia and predominantly lays its eggs in freshwater streams, marshes and lakes (44, 45). The arboviruses OVRV ( Rhabdovirida e, unassigned), (46) RRV ( Togaviridae , alphavirus) and the bunyavirus Mapputta virus (MAPV, unassigned) (41) have all been isolated from An. annulipes.…”

Initial sequence characterization of the rhabdoviruses of squamate reptiles, including a novel rhabdovirus from a caiman lizard (Dracaena guianensis)

“…However, a later analysis found that inclusion of a number of additional viruses resulted in the inclusion of Oak Vale virus in a new sister group to the Almpiwar group, termed the Sandjimba group (Dacheux et al, 2010). No phylogenetic analyses including the Sandjimba group have found monophyly of Oak Vale virus and the Almpiwar group (Quan et al, 2011). All known vertebrate hosts of the Sandjimba group are birds (Dacheux et al, 2010).…”

Genomic characterisation of Almpiwar virus, Harrison Dam virus and Walkabout Creek virus; three novel rhabdoviruses from northern Australia

“…2): Tupaia virus (TUPV), a virus isolated from hepatocellular carcinoma of a moribund tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) that originated from Thailand; Durham virus (DURV), a rhabdovirus isolated from an ataxic native bird (American coot) from North Carolina, United States; Niahka virus (NIAV), a West African virus isolated from phlebotomine sandflies whose vertebrate hosts are yet to be determined; and Oak Vale virus (OVRV), an Australian virus isolated on several occasions from mosquitoes in WA, NT and QLD, suggested to infect feral pigs (Allison et al, 2011;Gubala, 2009;Kurz et al, 1986;Quan et al, 2011;Vasilakis et al, 2013).…”

“…These ORFs are commonly observed in mononegavirales; however, not all viruses contain them. The sequences show no significant sequence similarity to other known proteins using Pfam and Genbank database searches; however, they are postulated to encode proteins similar to the highly basic C proteins of vesiculoviruses (Spiropoulou & Nichol, 1993), rabies virus (Nadin-Davis et al, 2002), some fish rhabdoviruses (Tao et al, 2008;Zhu et al, 2011), and the P′ proteins of ephemeroviruses , and of OVRV (Quan et al, 2011). ALMV contains a single additional ORF overlapping P (designated C′), encoding a basic 126-aa 6.…”