Genetic Characterization of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates Carrying Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes in Bangladesh

Abstract

To assess the spread and genetic characteristics of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene-carrying Staphylococcus aureus in Bangladesh, we investigated 59 strains (49 isolates from clinical specimens and 10 isolates colonized in the nasal cavities of medical staff), including 26 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. The PVL gene was detected only in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains (7 clinical strains and 2 colonizing strains). PVL gene-positive MSSA strains were found to belong to coagulase serotypes III or VI and were classified into sequence types ST88 (CC88), ST772, and ST573 (CC1) by multilocus sequence typing, and agr types 2 or 3. These types were different from those determined for MRSA (coagulase serotypes I and IV, ST240 and ST361, and agr type 1). PVL gene-positive MSSA possessed a larger number of virulence factor genes than MRSA, although they were susceptible to more antimicrobials. These findings suggest that the PVL gene is distributed to limited populations of S. aureus clones with specific genetic traits that are distinct from MRSA in Bangladesh, but genetically close to CA-MRSA clones in the CC1 lineage reported in the United States and European countries.

Prevalence of mecA and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates from Gaza Strip Hospitals

“…Subarna Roy et al from India, have reported an overall 62.85% of PVL prevalence among MRSA and MSSA (MRSA: 85.1% and MSSA: 48.8%) [ 49 ]. Other parts of the world reported a lower prevalence of PVL (5% in France, 4.9% in the UK, 8.1% in Saudi Arabia, and 14.3% in Bangladesh [ 17 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]), indicating that the prevalence of PVL varies greatly between geographical locations and populations.…”

“…Our results showed no significant difference between MRSA and MSSA populations in terms of PVL carriage. In Nepal, Algeria, Bangladesh, Greece, and Romania, the prevalence rates of the pvl gene among MSSA were 26%, 16.4%, 27.3%, 12%, and 14%, respectively [ 46 , 50 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. In Iran, Shariati et al [ 48 ] reported PVL carriage in 18.8% of MRSA and only 3% of MSSA, which is in line with other studies that reported higher prevalence in MRSA isolates than MSSA [ 1 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

New nitroindazole-porphyrin conjugates: Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial properties

“…S. aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium which in normal conditions is commensal in humans and animals, but can easily become pathogenic, causing frequently skin, respiratory, bone, soft tissue and endovascular infections [46]. As S. aureus often develops resistance to multiple antibiotics, namely to β-lactam antibiotics such as methicillin (MRSA strains) [47], this bacterium is one of the major causes of health care and community associated infections [48] [49]. The aPDT experiments were also performed with combinations of PSs 3a-e with potassium iodide (KI), a well-known potentiator of aPDT effect [50].…”

New Sequence Types of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Hospitals and Community Settings in Southern Iran

“…The mortality rate from S. aureus bacteremia is believed to exceed those of tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, and hepatitis B. Additionally, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a significant threat, causing severe infections in healthcareassociated (HAI) and community-acquired (CAI) settings. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus is characterized by the presence of the mecA gene, which codes for the PBP2a protein located within a specific region of the chromosome known as the Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) (1)(2)(3).…”