Genetic control of metabolism: enzyme studies of the<i>obese</i>and<i>adipose</i>mutants in the mouse

Bulfield, Grahame

doi:10.1017/s0016672300013586

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Chang et al (1967) found elevated activities of hepatic ACC and FAS in obese Ob/Ob mice compared to their normal littermates. Bulfield (1972) found elevated levels of hepatic ACL, ME and PK in murine obesity caused by the Ob gene, the db"" (previously known as the Ad) gene or an aurothioglucose-induced phenocopy, whereas MDH activity was unaltered. Kaplan & Fried (1973) reported elevated activity of MAL in adipose tissue of Ob/Ob mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of lines of mice selected for fat content. 2. Correlated responses in the activities of enzymes involved in lipogenesis

Hastings

Hill

1990

Genet. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Estimates of the activities (Knax) °f s ' x enzymes involved in de novo fat synthesis were made in replicated lines of mice differing in fat content. These lines had been selected high and low for 20 generations with three replicates each of Fat, Control and Lean lines and for a further eight generations high and low as an unreplicated line. The activities of ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), acetylCoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (MDH), malic enzyme (ME) and pyruvate kinase (PK) were determined in vitro in both liver and gonadal fatpad tissues taken at ages five and ten weeks. The activities of ACL, ACC, FAS and ME were significantly higher in the Fat than the Lean lines, and the differences were more pronounced at the earlier age and in the gonadal fatpad where activities in the Fat lines were higher by factors of 3-5, 2-4, 2-5 and 3-5 respectively. The activity of PK was unchanged in each tissue. MDH activity was significantly lower in adipose tissue in the Fat lines than the Lean lines at age ten weeks but not at age five weeks or in liver tissue. Results from replicates indicated that random genetic drift affected enzyme activities but nevertheless significant changes in activity were associated with the direction of selection. The changes in enzyme activity reported here are similar to those known to be associated with major mutations causing obesity in mice.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of lines of mice selected for fat content. 2. Correlated responses in the activities of enzymes involved in lipogenesis

Hastings

Hill

1990

Genet. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease and saturated fatty acids increase the desaturase activity. Since the carcass lipids of obese mice contain lower proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids than lean mice (Haessler & Crawford, 1965;Stein et al, 1967;Winand et al, 1969b;Bullfield, 1972), the increased desaturase activity might be explained by a decrease in their inhibitory activity. Food intake also regulates A9-desaturase activity (Inkpen et al, 1969;Lee & Sprecher, 1971) with a decrease during starvation and an increase to Vol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of insulin in the regulation of stearic acid desaturase activity in liver and adipose tissue from obese–hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) and lean mice

Enser¹

1979

Biochemical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between the hyperinsulinaemia of obese-hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice and their high activity of stearic acid A9-desaturase compared with lean mice has been investigated. The concentrations of plasma insulin in obese mice were decreased by 71, 88 and 96 % after treatment either with alloxan or food restriction to maintain the same weight as lean mice, or treatment of the weight restricted mice with alloxan followed by feeding ad libitum. The concentration of plasma insulin produced by the latter treatment was the same as in normal lean mice. After treatment the hepatic desaturase activities were 24, 68 and 19 % less respectively on a cell basis than in livers from untreated obese mice, and the total epididymal fat-pad activities were lower by 16, 62 and 57%. These results suggest that hyperinsulinaemia is not essential for the increased hepatic desaturase, but may be important in adipose tissue. Food intake appears to be a significant factor controlling the hepatic desaturase activity, but even this may be subject to overriding regulation by the concentration of esterified linoleic acid in the liver lipids, which was negatively correlated (r = 0.91, P<0.001) with desaturase activity.

show abstract

“…The only consistent change in fatty acid composition, however, is an increase in the proportion of palmitoleic acid (Haessler & Crawford, 1965;Stein et al, 1967;Winand et al, 1969b;Bullfield, 1972) with a compensatory small decrease in several fatty acids but mainly linoleic acid. The obese strains show both a high capacity to deposit dietary fat (Lemonnier et al, 1971) and a higher lipogenic capacity (for a review see Bray & York, 1971), which may maintain the fatty acid composition near normal since mouse diets usually contain a lower proportion of oleic acid than linoleic acid, the reverse of the proportions in adipose tissue.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Desaturation of stearic acid by liver and adipose tissue from obese-hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob)

Enser¹

1975

Biochemical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stearic acid desaturase activity was assayed in preparations from perigenital adipose tissue and liver from lean and genetically obese female mice (ob/ob). The total activity in the perigenital adipose tissue from obese mice was threefold greater than in the tissue from lean mice, but per g of adipose tissue the activity was twofold greater in tissue from lean mice. In liver, the activity in obese mice was elevated at 8 weeks of age, remained elevated up to 24 weeks and then decreased by half at 48 weeks, but at all ages was higher than that in lean mice. The decrease in desaturase activity of liver from obese mice at 48 weeks corresponded to a change in the fatty acid composition of liver lipids toward that found in lean mice. Whereas in adipose tissue much of the increased enzyme activity may be due to tissue hyperplasia, in liver it is mainly an increased activity per cell.

show abstract

Genetic control of metabolism: enzyme studies of theobeseandadiposemutants in the mouse

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Analysis of lines of mice selected for fat content. 2. Correlated responses in the activities of enzymes involved in lipogenesis

Analysis of lines of mice selected for fat content. 2. Correlated responses in the activities of enzymes involved in lipogenesis

The role of insulin in the regulation of stearic acid desaturase activity in liver and adipose tissue from obese–hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) and lean mice

Desaturation of stearic acid by liver and adipose tissue from obese-hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About