Genetic Covariance of Environments in the Potato National Chip Processing Trial

Carley, Cari A. Schmitz; Coombs, Joseph; Clough, M. E.; Jong, Walter S. De; Douches, David S.; Haynes, Kathleen G.; Higgins, Charles R.; Holm, David G.; Miller, J. Creighton; Navarro, Felix M.; Novy, Richard G.; Palta, Jiwan P.; Parish, David L.; Porter, Gregory A.; Sathuvalli, Vidyasagar; Thompson, Asunta L.; Yencho, G. Craig; Zotarelli, Lincoln; Endelman, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2018.05.0314

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Percentage dry matter data was only available from Year 2, and therefore, Year 1 estimates were made based on Year 2 data. This was an appropriate approach because dry matter is a high heritability trait characteristic of varieties (Endelman et al., 2018, Haynes, 2008, Schmitz Carley et al., 2018). Harvest yield, the other component of tuber dry weight, is variable between environments (Schmitz Carley et al., 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen uptake and utilization in advanced fresh‐market red potato breeding lines

Jones

Michaels

Carley³

et al. 2021

Crop Science

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production on sandy soils requires added N. Only 40-60% of the applied N is acquired by the crop. Increased N use efficiency (NUE) and its components, N utilization efficiency (NUtE) and N uptake efficiency (NUpE), could reduce fertilizer rates and environmental losses. We compared N efficiency in fresh-market red potato varieties, in terms of yield and quality traits, and examined potential mechanisms for that efficiency including uptake, utilization, and increased root growth. We grew selections from a red potato breeding population and commercial varieties under two N rates: 101 and 202 kg N ha −1. We compared NUE, NUpE, and NUtE in low and high N. We compared root phenotypes at tuber initiation and yield and skin quality metrics at harvest. Values for NUtE correlated with NUE and yield in low N and NUpE correlated with NUE and yield in high N. Low-N conditions produced smaller tubers, while high N resulted primarily in medium tubers. Nitrogen did not affect skinning and redness but low N did result in slightly lighter skin color. Total root mass 45 d after planting (DAP) correlated with final yield and NUE but did not correlate with measures of N uptake across treatments. Larger roots correlated with NUpE only in the high-N treatment. Selection under low N may reveal NUE and expose more stable representations of the genetic components of skin quality phenotypes. While skinning and skin color were more variable among varieties in low N, within variety they exhibited year-to-year consistency. 1 INTRODUCTION Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third most important food crop in the world (FAO, 2018). As the global population increases (United Nations, 2015), potato production must

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen uptake and utilization in advanced fresh‐market red potato breeding lines

Jones

Michaels

Carley³

et al. 2021

Crop Science

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“…The most stable cultivars are characterized by a negligible effect of genotype by environment interaction. This is especially important for an industry that is looking for the best possible quality and a stable amount of raw material [6,7]. In the sugar production, the most important quality, in addition to the yield of roots, is the sugar content and, consequently, the sugar yield obtained by a given cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the world, there are many cultivar evaluation systems used for giving proper recommendations for farmers, e.g., the Potato National Chip Processing Trial [6] and the Iowa Crop Performance Test for soybean and corn [11]. An exemplary system for the sugar beet is the Polish Post-Registration Variety Testing System (PVTS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Stability and Adaptation Patterns of White Sugar Yield from Sugar Beet Cultivars in Temperate Climate Environments

Studnicki

Lenartowicz²,

Noras

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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The yield and yield quality of sugar from the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and are determined by genotype, environment and crop management. This study was aimed at analyzing the stability of white sugar yield and the adaptation of cultivars based on 36 modern sugar beet cultivars under different environmental conditions. The compatibility of sugar beet cultivars’ rankings between the three growing seasons and between the 11 examined locations was assessed. In addition, an attempt was made to group environments to create mega-environments. From among the 11 examined locations, four mega-environments were distinguished on the basis of the compatibility of the white sugar yield rankings. The assessment of the adaptation of cultivars and the determination of mega-environments was carried out using GGE (genotype main effects plus genotype environment interaction effects) biplots and confirmed by the Spearman rank correlation test performed for cultivars between locations. The cultivars studied were characterized by a high stability of white sugar yield in the considered growing seasons. The high compliance of the sugar yield rankings between the years contributes to a more effective recommendation of cultivars.

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“…We calculated predicted genetic gain for low‐, medium‐, and high‐heritability scenarios, with heritability calculated as in Equation . Variance components used were based on values reported for combined analyses of advanced cultivar trials or large‐scale association mapping panels (Annicchiarico & Perezin, 1994; Atlin & McRae, 1994; Baker, 1969; Cairns et al., 2013; Cooper et al., 1999; Das et al., 2019; Kleinknecht et al., 2016; Rattunde et al., 2016; Schmitz Carley et al., 2018; Talbot, 1984) and from unpublished data from Bangladeshi rice cultivar testing programs (M. Nias, personal communication, 2020. Inspection of these values (Table 1) indicates that relatively small genotypic variance components are associated with relatively large genotype × environment and within‐field variances; the correlations between the genotypic variances and total genotype × environment and plot residual variances were −0.16 and −0.70, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple deterministic modeling can guide the design of breeding pipelines for self‐pollinated crops

Atlin

Econopouly

2022

Crop Science

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Genetic gains delivered by plant breeding programs in the developing world must increase to deliver adaptation to a changing climate. Programs should be planned and optimized, with respect to gains per year and per dollar invested, as cyclic population improvement pipelines whose selection response is described by the breeder's equation (BE). We present a spreadsheet‐implemented model for the BE that includes operating costs. The model can be easily used to compare predicted selection response per cycle for different pipeline designs and resource allocation scenarios for self‐pollinated crops or hybrid crops that use inbred lines as parents. We modeled breeding programs that generate and select among F2– to F6–derived or doubled‐haploid (DH) lines, advance populations from one to three generations annually, and conduct agronomic testing in one to three stages during the main cropping season. Reducing cycle time is the most efficient method of increasing genetic gain under most circumstances. Although gains increase with increased population size and selection intensity, clear optima exist, in terms of the cost of a unit of gain, at relatively small population sizes and moderate selection intensities. Investments in reducing cycle length to three or even two years generate large increases in genetic gain and are more cost‐effective than increasing population size and standardized selection differential. High rates of genetic gain can be delivered by small breeding programs that complete cycles quickly.

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Genetic Covariance of Environments in the Potato National Chip Processing Trial

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Nitrogen uptake and utilization in advanced fresh‐market red potato breeding lines

Nitrogen uptake and utilization in advanced fresh‐market red potato breeding lines

Assessment of Stability and Adaptation Patterns of White Sugar Yield from Sugar Beet Cultivars in Temperate Climate Environments

Simple deterministic modeling can guide the design of breeding pipelines for self‐pollinated crops

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