Genetic Differentiation Among Host-Associated Populations of the Gallmaker Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Waring, Gwendolyn L.; Abrahamson, Warren G.; Howard, Daniel J.

doi:10.2307/2409344

Cited by 79 publications

(106 citation statements)

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“…Whether host-associated mating exist and is coupled with host acceptance in A. hystrix still required investigation. It is also evident that if host-race formation has occurred, then gene flow among host-associated populations should be restricted and genetic differentiation between populations is likely (Jaenike 1981;Waring et al 1990). Such genetic differentiation should be spatially replicable, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Cereal Rust Mite, Abacarus Hystrix Really a Generalist? – Testing Colonization Performance on Novel Hosts

Skoracka

Kuczyński

2006

Exp Appl Acarol

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The majority of eriophyoid mites are highly host specific and restricted to a narrow range of acceptable host plant species. The cereal rust mite, Abacarus hystrix was considered to be one of a few exceptions among them and has been found to be using a relatively wide host range. Since this species is a vagrant, inhabiting short-lived plants and aerially dispersing, it has commonly been considered to be a host generalist. Here the opposite hypothesis is tested, that host populations of A. hystrix are specialized on their local host plants and may represent host races. For this purpose, females from two host populations (quack grass, Agropyron repens and ryegrass, Lolium perenne) were transferred, and subsequently reared, on their normal (grass species from which females came from) and novel (other grass species) hosts. The female's fitness was assessed by survival and fecundity on the normal and novel host. Females of both populations had no success in the colonization of the novel host. They survived significantly better and had significantly higher fecundity on their normal host than on the novel one. These findings correspond with observations on host-dependent phenotype variability and host acceptance. The presence of locally specialized host populations in A. hystrix may be evidence for high host specificity among eriophyoids and the viruses they transmit. The main conclusion is that A. hystrix, which so far has been considered as a host generalist, in fact may be a complex species consisting of highly specialized host races.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Cereal Rust Mite, Abacarus Hystrix Really a Generalist? – Testing Colonization Performance on Novel Hosts

Skoracka

Kuczyński

2006

Exp Appl Acarol

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“…Eurosta is composed of S. altissima and S. gigantea host races (Abrahamson and Weis 1997) that are of relatively recent origin (Stireman et al 2005), with significant genetic differentiation and substantial host fidelity, but likely with ongoing gene flow (Itami et al 1998). The ancestral host is S. altissima, with the S. gigantea race derived and likely of northeastern US origin (Waring et al 1990;Brown et al 1996). Eurosta's higher mortality on S. gigantea early in gall formation suggests a lesser ability to counteract plant defenses on that host (Lichter et al 1990;Brown et al 1995).…”

Section: The Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the elusiveness of enemy-free space: spatial, temporal, and host-plant-related variation in parasitoid attack rates on three gallmakers of goldenrods

et al. 2006

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Host shifting by phytophagous insects may play an important role in generating insect diversity by initiating host-race formation and speciation. Models of the host shifting process often invoke reduced rates of natural enemy attack on a novel host in order to balance the maladaptation expected following the shift. Such "enemy-free space" has been documented for some insects, at some times and places, but few studies have assessed the occurrence of enemy-free space across years, among sites, or among insect species. We measured parasitoid attack rates on three insect herbivores of two goldenrods (Solidago altissima L. and Solidago gigantea Ait.), with data from multiple sites and multiple years for each herbivore. For each insect herbivore, there were times and sites at which parasitoid attack rates differed strongly and significantly between host plants (that is, enemy-free space existed on one host plant or the other). However, the extent and even the direction of the attack-rate difference varied strongly among sites and even among years at the same site. There was no evidence of consistent enemy-free space for any herbivore on either host plant. Our data suggest that enemy-free space, like many ecological and evolutionary forces, is likely to operate as a geographic and temporal mosaic, and that conceptual models of host shifting that include enemy-free space as a consequence of host novelty are likely too simple.

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“…Many phytophagous arthropods, mainly insects and spider mites, have been effectively used to examine the details of host specialization and speciation (e.g. Waring et al 1990;Emelianov et al 1995;Craig et al 1993;Via 1999;Nishimura et al 2005). Strikingly, the above processes have not been studied in one of the most diverse and economically important group of phytophagous arthropods, namely eriophyoid mites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive barriers between populations of the cereal rust mite Abacarus hystrix confirm their host specialization

Skoracka

2007

Evol Ecol

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Recent studies have shown that certain host populations of the cereal rust mite Abacarus hystrix are highly specialized in their host use and it is likely that reproductive isolation exists between them. Here I verified this expectation by testing for reproductive barriers between ryegrass and quackgrass populations of A. hystrix. I performed reciprocal crosses between individuals from both populations and observed results of crosses. Leaves of the three grass species, ryegrass, quackgrass and wheat, were used as mating arenas. I used two criteria to determine reproductive barriers between strains: the proportion of female progeny and viability of progeny. If studied populations of this haplodiploid species are reproductively isolated a male-biased sex ratio and/or hybrid progeny of reduced viability would be expected. I found that in the presence of quackgrass and ryegrass prezygotic barriers between studied populations exists. On wheat I observed asymmetry in reproductive barriers. Between females from quackgrass and males from ryegrass a prezygotic barrier existed (only males obtained). However, the opposite reciprocal cross (females from ryegrass and males from quackgrass) produced progeny of both sexes. A male-biased sex ratio and low adult emergence suggests that post-zygotic mechanisms acted here. Low viability of progeny obtained from crosses in which females from ryegrass were engaged suggests that the origin of the female nymph acted as a predictor of hybrid inviability. The pattern of sterility observed in the cereal rust mite indicates that in the presence of three hosts (ryegrass, quackgrass and wheat) pre-and post-zygotic reproductive barriers between quackgrass and ryegrass populations of this mite exist. In addition to host fidelity (which acts as pre-zygotic barrier) there are post-zygotic barriers to gene flow.

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Genetic Differentiation Among Host-Associated Populations of the Gallmaker Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Cited by 79 publications

References 0 publications

Is the Cereal Rust Mite, Abacarus Hystrix Really a Generalist? – Testing Colonization Performance on Novel Hosts

Is the Cereal Rust Mite, Abacarus Hystrix Really a Generalist? – Testing Colonization Performance on Novel Hosts

On the elusiveness of enemy-free space: spatial, temporal, and host-plant-related variation in parasitoid attack rates on three gallmakers of goldenrods

Reproductive barriers between populations of the cereal rust mite Abacarus hystrix confirm their host specialization

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