GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN TEMPERATURE‐ENFORCED SEED DORMANCY AMONG GOLF COURSE POPULATIONS OF <i>POA ANNUA</i> L.

Till–Bottraud, Irène; Torres, Armando

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1987.tb02932.x

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It shows a pattern of primary dormancy that is lost through afterripening much like B. tectorum (Corbineau et al 1992). Strong genetic control for seed dormancy traits has been demonstrated in many wild species, including annual dicot weeds (e.g., Garbutt and Witcombe 1986 for Sinapis arvensis; Harper and McNaughton 1960; Lane and Lawrence 1995 for species of Papaver) and other sel®ng annual grasses (e.g., Wu et al 1987 for Poa annua). Naylor and Jana (1976) studied population genetics of seed dormancy in the primarily sel®ng annual grass Avena fatua.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L.

Meyer¹,

Allen

1999

Oecologia

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Regulation of seed germination phenology is an important aspect of the life history strategy of invading annual plant species. In the obligately selfing winter annual grass Bromus tectorum, seeds are at least conditionally dormant at dispersal in early summer and lose dormancy through dry-afterripening. Patterns of germination response at dispersal vary among populations and sometimes across years within populations. To assess the relative contribution of genotype and maturation environment to this variation, we grew progeny of ten parental lines from each of six contrasting populations in a common greenhouse environment. We then tested the germination responses of recently harvested seeds of the putative full-sib progeny at five incubation temperatures. Significant germination response differences among populations were observed in greenhouse cultivation, and major differences among full-sib families were evident for some populations and traits. Among-population variation accounted for over 90% of the variance in each trait, while within-family variance accounted for 1% or less. Germination responses of greenhouse-grown progeny were positively correlated with the responses of wild-collected seeds, but there was a tendency for lowered dormancy at higher incubation temperatures. This tendency was more marked in populations from cold desert, foothill, and plains habitats, suggesting a genotype-maturation environment interaction. Differences among populations in the amount of among-family variance were more evident at lower incubation temperatures, while among-family variance was more uniformly low at summer incubation temperatures. Populations from predictable extreme environments (subalpine meadow and warm desert margin) showed significantly less variation among families than populations from less predictable cold desert, foothill, and plains environments. Low among-family variance was not specifically associated with small population size or marginality of habitat, as small marginal populations from unpredictable environments showed variance as high as that of large populations. In populations with high among-family variance for germination traits, germination responses tended to be correlated across incubation temperatures, making it possible to characterize families in terms of their general dormancy status. The results indicate that seed germination regulation in this species is probably under strong genetic control, and that habitats with temporally varying selection are occupied by populations that tend to be more polymorphic in terms of their germination response patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L.

Meyer¹,

Allen

1999

Oecologia

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“…This hypothesis is partially substantiated by Callahan and McDonald (1992), who reported that ABG germinated mostly between mid‐to‐late November and early January in Tennessee. Previous studies have shown that biotypes of ABG growing on greens, fairways, and roughs have different requirements for germination (Lush, 1989; Wu et al, 1987; Wu and Harivandi, 1993). While ABG seedling emergence was monitored in mostly nonirrigated roughs, it is unknown if similar emergence patterns occur on greens and fairways in Maryland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Poa annua L. Seedling Emergence Patterns in Maryland

Kaminski

Dernoeden

2007

Crop Science

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Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.; ABG) can be a major weed problem in golf course turf. Research‐based information on the seasonal emergence patterns of ABG is limited. The objectives of this four‐year field study were (i) to determine seasonal ABG emergence patterns in Maryland, (ii) to determine peak period(s) of ABG emergence, and (iii) to determine the date and estimated percentage of seedlings emerged when the rate of emergence declines. Annual bluegrass seedlings were found to emerge between August and May in two Maryland golf course roughs. A majority (50–70%) of seedling emergence occurred between late September and mid‐October, and peak germination generally was observed in early October. The linear increase in ABG seedling emergence generally ended by early November; however, 24% of all seedlings emerged between November and May. No major ABG emergence cycles were observed during the spring in any year. Mean daily temperatures generally were ≤20°C during peak ABG emergence periods, and germination was stimulated by precipitation. Since the genetic diversity of ABG is well known, these findings may only be applicable to Maryland and regions with similar environmental conditions.

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“…However, germination differences among populations could well reflect inbreeding effects, and germination differences among individuals have important fitness consequences. Population differences in seed germination percentages and populations' responses to environmental conditions have been documented for many species (e.g., Farmer et al 1986;Wu et al 1987;Meyer et al 1989), but to consider the possible effects of fragmentation-caused reduced genetic variation, these germination differences must be correlated with population size and isolation. To my knowledge, no studies make this link.…”

Section: Mengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Germination Percentage Increases with Population Size in a Fragmented Prairie Species

Menges

1991

Conservation Biology

266

180

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Laboratoty germination percentages were relatively low in small populations of royal catchjly (Silene re-@a), a perennial prairie plant whose distribution has been severely reduced by habitat fragmentation. Populations with more than 150 individuals bad uniformly high (>85%) germination, whereas smaller popuiations had great variation within and between populations. Germination percentage was related to the natural log ofpopulation size (r = .49, p = ,017); in small populations the relationship was linear (r = .37, p = ,156). Germination success was unrelated to population isolation. The overall dependence of germination percentage on population size has at least two possible explanations: ( I ) inbreeding depression in recently reduced populations, manifesting itself in lower fitness of see&; or (2) increased proportion of inferior geitonogamously produced seed caused by reduced hummingbird visitation and reduced interplant movements in small populations.

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GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN TEMPERATURE‐ENFORCED SEED DORMANCY AMONG GOLF COURSE POPULATIONS OF POA ANNUA L.

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L.

Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L.

Seasonal Poa annua L. Seedling Emergence Patterns in Maryland

Seed Germination Percentage Increases with Population Size in a Fragmented Prairie Species

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