Genetic distance between broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Penaeidae) by mtDNA analyses

Abstract

In the constantly growing Brazilian shrimp industry the evaluation of genetic relationships between broodstocks is an useful tool for shrimp culture management programs. We established the genetic relationships between five broodstocks of the white marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Penaeidae) based on the sequencing of the mtDNA 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) regions. Although no divergence was found between the broodstocks for the highly conservative 16S rRNA gene, we did find an 8.2% distance between L. vannamei and the Farfantepenaeus subtilis. Analyses of the COI region showed genetic distances of only 0.2 to 1% between the broodstocks, which contrasted with the 10.9% mean distance found between L. vannamei and F. subtilis. The small genetic distance values obtained may be related to genetic drift or a founder effect that occurred during broodstocks establishment. The mtDNA analysis was able to characterize the genetic divergence between the broodstocks studied and could be helpful for defining better management strategies of these crustacea.

Genetic variability of marine shrimp in the Brazilian industry

“…This is particularly important in a situation when no free access to wild populations is available. In Brazil, the reduction in genetic variability and significant differentiation among specific lines has already been reported (Freitas & Galetti Junior, 2002;Francisco & Galetti Junior, 2005;Gonçalves et al, 2005;Magalhães et al, 2007). In the present study, the observed genetic differentiation among hatcheries was reflected by FST values ranging from 0.006 to 0.175 (Table 4).…”

“…One of the immediate concerns of the Brazilian shrimp industry has been the genetic diversity of the available shrimp broodstocks, especially since the country does not have access to wild stocks of L. vannamei. Brazilian L. vannamei broodstocks have multiple origins, with recorded imports from Panama, Ecuador, and Venezuela (Francisco & Galetti Junior, 2005;Gonçalves et al, 2005). However, no detailed information is available about origin, management practices, and performance results.…”

“…The increasing availability of advanced molecular tools has allowed obtaining new results on the genetics of shrimp broodstocks and natural populations, which have been accumulating quickly since the mid 1990's (Ball & Chapman, 2003;Francisco & Galetti Junior, 2005;Valles-Jimenez et al, 2005). DNA microsatellites have been the basis of the majority of the recent approaches.…”

Genetic variation in a closed line of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Penaeidae)

“…Printed in Brazil www.sbg.org.br 2004) and Litopenaeus setiferus (Ball and Chapman, 2003) but, however, little is known on the genetics of the Brazilian L. vannamei broodstocks Galetti Jr 2002, 2005;De Francisco and Galetti Jr, 2005;Gonçalves et al, 2005). In the work described in the present paper we used microsatellite analysis to investigate the genetic variation in three consecutive generations (F 5 , F 6 and F 7 ) of a Brazilian closed breeder L. vannamei lineage.…”

Genetic diversity and population structure of Fenneropenaeus penicillatus determined by mitochondrial DNA analyses

“…Therefore, CR and 16S rRNA genes have great potential for the inference of genetic diversity and population structure in F. penicillatus. Francisco and Galetti (2005) used mtDNA 16s rRNA and COI regions to evaluate the genetic relationship between five brood stocks of the white marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Quan et al (2004) also used COI and 16s rRNA genes to examine the phylogenetic relationships between 12 Penaeid shrimp species.…”