Genetic Divergence and Molecular Characterization of Sorghum Hybrids and their Parents for Reaction to Atherigona Soccata (Rondani)

Dhillon, Mukesh K.; Sharma, H. C.; Folkertsma, R.T.; Chandra, Subhash

doi:10.1007/s10681-005-9067-2

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Characters such as days taken to sprouting contributing maximum (19.01%) towards total divergence and this was followed yield of corms per hectare (15.02%), weight of corm (11.39%) and length of spike (7.69%) these can be used for selecting parents from distinctly placed cluster to obtain higher production. The present findings were accordance with the findings of Desh Raj and Misra [14]; Nayak et al [15]; Dhillon, [16] and Pal et al [17].…”

Section: Analysis (Rank Method)supporting

confidence: 93%

Morphological Variation and Evaluation of Gladiolus (Gladiolus Hybridus hort.) Cultivars

Sharma¹,

Mb²,

M³

2017

J Hortic

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IntroductionGladiolus is one of the most important bulbous ornamentals for cut flower trade in India. It is also ideal both for garden display, floral arrangements for table and interior decoration as well as making high quality bouquet [1]. The main emphasis in Gladiolus improvement has been on the development of varieties having attractive color and large number of florets mainly for cut flower, viz long spikes, more number of well-spaced large sized florets and good corm multiplication ability. Gladiolus is very rich in varietal wealth and every year there is an addition of new varieties [2]. Multiplication of planting material of Gladiolus is most important because the cut flower trade is lagging behind over the recent years, owing to he unavailability of sufficient quality planting material at large scale [3]. Moreover, new varieties also come from other countries, and the performance of these varieties depends upon climatic conditions of the region under which they are grown. As a result, cultivars which perform well in one region may not perform same in other regions of varying climatic conditions [4]. It is also important to study the performance of existing cultivars for their superior desirable characters [5]. Hence, it becomes very much necessary to study the morphological variation and evaluation of genotypes and also to identify the suitable germplasm for further improvement programme in U.P. region.Studies on genetic diversity for yield traits is important as the individual plant selection is slowly dependent on variability. More the diversity better are chances of improving the economic characters under consideration in the resulting offspring. Crop improvement in Gladiolus has so far been achieved by exploiting the available sources of the variability. Naturally the genetic variation or diversity for most of the yield attributes is considerably high in Gladiolus. Keeping in view the above facts there is an urgent need to seek improvement in complex quantitative trait such as flower and corm yield of Gladiolus. As a result of free exchange of Gladiolus germplasm and lot of introgression of characters has taken place in many local Gladiolus cultivars resulting in enhancement of variability and new genetic combinations. Mahalanobis D 2 analysis helps in assessing the diversity among the genotypes and to select the divergent parents for future breeding programmes. Currently, such assessment is mainly based on a small number of phenotypic traits. However, environmental conditions may affect their expression and so assessing only morphological traits may not reflect the genetic diversity available. Material and MethodsThe present investigation was carried out with fifty-three varieties The intra-cluster was maximum in cluster VII (D2=372.852) reveals maximum genetic diversity followed by cluster II (D2=343.392) and cluster V (D2=150.904) and maximum inter-cluster generalized distance (D2=1855.023) was between cluster VII and cluster VIII exhibited maximum divergence followed cluster II and VIII (D2=156...

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Section: Analysis (Rank Method)supporting

confidence: 93%

Morphological Variation and Evaluation of Gladiolus (Gladiolus Hybridus hort.) Cultivars

Sharma¹,

Mb²,

M³

2017

J Hortic

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“…The development of molecular techniques has resulted in alternative DNA-based procedures for detecting polymorphism. Various DNA-based molecular markers have been utilized for analysis of genetic divergence and characterization of sorghum germplasm including RAPDs (Ayana et al, 2000;Agrama and Tuinstra, 2003;Nkongola and Nsapato, 2003;Rajkumar and Kuruvinashetti, 2007;Mehmood et al, 2008;Amrapali et al, 2008), SSRs (Kamala et al, 2006;Dhillon et al, 2006;Perumal et al, 2007;Mohamed et al, 2008), SNPs (Mohamed et al, 2008), AFLPs (Perumal et al, 2007), and ISSRs (Godwin et al, 1997). However, little has been documented on the genetic relationships and diversity within the Pakistani sorghum germplasm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity in the sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) germplasm of Pakistan

Iqbal¹,

Sadia²,

Khan³

et al. 2010

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Sorghum ranks fifth in worldwide economic importance among cereal crops and is one of the most important summer annual grasses of Pakistan. As it is a very diverse crop, sorghum genetic fingerprinting requires an efficient marker system. We estimated genetic divergence among 29 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes, including approved varieties and local and exotic lines collected from different ecological regions of Pakistan, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 125 RAPD loci, with an average of 66 loci per genotype, were used to calculate genetic divergence among these genotypes, of which 119 were polymorphic, showing 95% overall polymorphism. Genetic similarity ranged from 0.36 to 0.92, indicating a relatively broad genetic base. RAPD analysis revealed maximum similarity between the Indian III and K-A-113 sorghum genotypes (both exotic lines), while the F-601 and F-606 were observed to be the most diverse genotypes. Mean band frequency revealed by these RAPD primers ranged from 0.17 to 0.56, with an average of 0.36. The data presented here support the findings that RAPDs can be effectively used 757 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 9 (2): 756-764 (2010) Biodiversity in the sorghum germplasm of Pakistan for studying genetic diversity in sorghum.

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“…The experimental materials consisted of 12 cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) and maintainer lines, 12 restorer lines and their 144 F 1 hybrids. The origins and development of the materials have been reported earlier (Dhillon et al, 2006). A basal dose of ammonium phosphate (at 150 kg/ ha) was applied to the experimental plot before sowing.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-resistance to sorghum shoot fly, spotted stemborer and sugarcane aphid in sorghum

Sharma

Dhillon

Pampapathy

2006

JTI

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Abstract. Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops in the semi-arid tropics. Several insect pests damage it. The possibility of identifying genotypes with multiple resistance to these pests and transferring the relevant genes into high-yielding varieties and hybrids has been considered as an attractive approach to reducing yield losses. A set of 12 cytoplasmic male-sterile and maintainer lines, 12 restorer lines and their F 1 hybrids were evaluated for resistance to sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata Rondani, spotted stemborer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) under field conditions. There were significant differences among the genotypes tested. A total of 50% of male-sterile lines, 41.7% maintainers, 58.3% restorers and 35.4% of the hybrids tested showed moderate to high level of resistance to the three pests. The malesterile and restorer lines showing resistance to different insects can be exploited for developing hybrids with multiple insect resistance for cultivation by the resource-poor farmers in the semi-arid tropics.Key words: sorghum, Atherigona soccata, Chilo partellus, Melanaphis sacchari, host plant resistance, mulitiple resistance Résumé. Le sorgo est l'une des céréales les plus affectées par les insectes en zones tropicales semi-arides. Il est donc important d'identifier des variétés possédant de multiples résistances, et d'insérer les gènes qui confèrent ces résistances dans des variétés ou hybrides à fort potentiel de rendement. Nous avons évalué au champ, un lot de 12 variétés possédant la stérilité mâle cytoplasmique ainsi que leurs mainteneurs et, 12 lignées restauratrices de la fertilité, ainsi que leurs hybrides, pour la résistance à la mouche des feuilles Atherigona soccata Rondani, le foreur de tige Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), et le puceron de la canne à sucre Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner). Nous avons trouvé des différences significatives entre les variétés pour la sensibilité aux insectes. Cinquante pour cent des mâles stériles, 41,7% des mainteneurs, 58,3% des restaureurs et 35,4% des hybrides testés ont montré une résistance moyenne à élever à la mouche des feuilles, au mineur de la tige et au puceron de la canne. Les mâles stériles et les restaureurs montrant une résistance aux insectes pourraient êtres utilisés pour développer des hybrides avec une résistance aux insectes multiples, adéquats pour leur culture par les paysans pauvres des tropiques semi-arides.

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Genetic Divergence and Molecular Characterization of Sorghum Hybrids and their Parents for Reaction to Atherigona Soccata (Rondani)

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Morphological Variation and Evaluation of Gladiolus (Gladiolus Hybridus hort.) Cultivars

Morphological Variation and Evaluation of Gladiolus (Gladiolus Hybridus hort.) Cultivars

Biodiversity in the sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) germplasm of Pakistan

Multiple-resistance to sorghum shoot fly, spotted stemborer and sugarcane aphid in sorghum

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