Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L)

Abstract

Comprising 34 groundnut genotypes an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replication at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Hathazari, Chittagong during Rabi season (December 2009 to April 2010) for estimation of the multivariate analysis of divergence. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (12) and the cluster II contained the lowest (2). The inter-cluster distances in all cases were larger than the intra-cluster distance which indicated that wider diversity is present among the genotypes of distant grouped. The highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster V and the lowest in II. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster IV and III followed by V and III and the lowest between cluster V and I. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of matured nuts per plant and karnel size were the most important contributors based on the latent vector. But the highest cluster means for matured nuts per plant, 100 karnel weight, 100 nuts weight and yield per plant were obtained from the cluster II. With moderate yield but early maturity varieties were found in cluster IV. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster VI for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II and III for getting new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield.

Genetic variability, character association and genetic divergence in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) accessions

“…The values of PCV were greater than GCV (values for each of the traits considered in our present experiment), signifying the effect of environment on these characters. The outcome of the present study is in accordance with the reports of Zaman et al (2010), Vishnuvardhan et al (2013), and Rao (2016). Low GCV and PCV values were documented for the traits namely, days-to-first flowering, days-to-maturity, as well as days-to-50% flowering, which indicate that there is hardly any opportunity for genetic enhancement of these characters via selection.…”

Genetic Variation of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes in Semi-Arid Zone Sudan

“…Sudan is one of most an important countries producer groundnut in the world (Zaman et al, 2010). It is a major oilseed and cash crop, used for food, forage and the enhancement of soil fertility.…”

“…Several studies on groundnut have been carried out, but has a few attentions and there is limited information regarding its genetics, breeding and production, especially genetic improvement under rain-fed conditions, due to groundnut has a narrow genetic base due to its monophyletic origin, self-pollination and lack of gene flow (Meta and Monpara, 2010). Moreover, to improve and sustain the yield of groundnut under rain-fed condition, plant breeders should have a better understanding of the genetic variability of yield and its components and development of high yielding cultivars with drought tolerant at different stages of crop growth (Reddy et al, 2003;Zaman et al, 2010). Therefore, the objectives of this study were to estimate the genotypic and phenotypic variability, broad sense heritability, morphological and yield associated traits of groundnut genotypes under rain-fed conditions in the semi-arid region of Sudan.…”

Genetic divergence analysis in groundnut (<em>Arachis hypogaea </em>L.)

“…This grouping indicated considerable diversity among the RILs. The inter-cluster distance (Table 2) was larger than the intracluster distance which indicated that greater diversity is present among the genotypes of distant group (Zaman et al, 2010) [12] . The inter-cluster distance analysis shows that the maximum divergence was observed between cluster III and cluster VII (94.866).…”