Genetic diversity among Polish landraces of common oat (Avena sativa L.)

Abstract

All over the world about 220,000 accessions of the genus Avena is preserved in gene banks. Polish oats collection, in the National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources, consists of about 2,500 accessions. More than 80 % of them belong to the species Avena sativa. Only 136 accessions have the landrace or traditional cultivar status and 91 of them were collected in Poland. The main objective of this study was to estimate genetic diversity of a set of 67 Polish landraces using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. We also tried to determine whether genetic diversity depended on the region and altitude of collection site and if there was a relationship between DNA polymorphism and some morphological traits. The accessions were collected between years 1973 and 1999 from areas of Northern, Southern and Eastern Poland. The obtained results indicated a relatively low diversity (0.09-0.37) of the common oat landraces. Analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) showed that there were no significant differences within designated geographic regions. It indicated that at the same time the altitude of collection site had significant effect on the genetic differentiation of the accessions. AMOVA also showed the presence of variance between groups formed on the basis of the colour of lemma. White lemma accessions were also characterized by highest genetic distinctiveness. Considering the evident impact of local climatic conditions on the genetic distinctiveness of Polish landraces utility of them in the Polish breeding programs should be considered.

Genetic Similarity Assessment among Selected Naked Oat Cultivars and Breeding Lines Using ISSR Markers

“…2). The percentage of polymorphic bands is congruent with earlier data (Boczkowska and Tarczyk, 2013) -59.3% obtained for Polish oat landraces.…”

“…2). Previously, slightly lower values of PIC indices were obtained based on ISSRs (Boczkowska and Tarczyk, 2013) While PIC values evaluated by us were not too high, they were large enough to assume that ISSR marker system was capable of differentiating the analysed materials.…”

Assessing genetic diversity in 23 early Polish oat cultivars based on molecular and morphological studies

“…Genome DNA analyses of 23 oat cultivars were carried out with the use of AFLP (Boczkowska et al 2012), ISSR (Boczkowska and Tarczyk 2013) and RAPD (Wiśniewska and Rafalski 2006) methods. The complete list of primers used in the study is included in the Table 2.…”

“…Recently, the studies of genetic diversity based mainly on the molecular analysis, sometimes combined with morphology, if it is evaluated is an additional source of information. Worldwide collections of oats were described by several types of molecular markers, for example AFLP (Fu et al 2003(Fu et al , 2004(Fu et al , 2005, RAPD (Baohong et al 2003), SSR (Li et al 2000) and ISSR (Boczkowska and Tarczyk 2013). Many times more than one technique was used (Nowosielska and Nowosielski 2008) and RAPD and SSR (Hanif et al 2008).…”

“…Due to the relatively big problems with reproducibility of the RAPD technique, only one stable primer was used in the study, and it was decided to extend the research by the ISSR method. ISSR markers were successfully used in previous studies of Polish oat landrace collection (Boczkowska and Tarczyk 2013). Results of molecular analysis of the collection of old oat cultivars were complemented by morphological description.…”