Genetic diversity analysis and phylogeography of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) from Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands using Cytochrome b gene

Abstract

Abstract. Kurniawan A, Hariati AM, Kurniawan A, Kurniawan N, Nugroho TW, Bidayani E, Syarif AF, wiadnya DGR. 2022. Genetic diversity analysis and phylogeography of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) from Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands using Cytochrome b gene. Biodiversitas 23: 4738-4746. The Sundaland fish species, Osteochilus spilurus is only utilized commercially in the Belitung Islands and has yet to be domesticated. This species can characterize freshwater fish phylogeography because have a minimum of human influence. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogeography of O. spilurus from the Bangka, Belitung, and Kalimantan Islands using Cytochrome b gene. Twenty fish samples were collected from the Sebangau and Kapuas Rivers in Kalimantan, the Lenggang River in Belitung Island, and the Lebak River in Bangka Island. Forward LA-cyp and reverse HA-cyp primers were used for amplification Cytochrome b gene. Mega 10.0 applications were used to construct of the phylogenetic tree. The phylogeographic analysis uses a comparative phylogenetic tree approach with geographical history. The cytochrome b gene showed variations in the nucleotides of O. spilurus from the three islands. Phylogeography of O. spilurus showed that there are two different clades with intraspecific variation according to a geographic area with bootstrap values of 99-100%. One clade contains fish samples from Bangka and Belitung islands, while the other clade comes from Kalimantan island. The formation of the Karimata Strait (between Bangka-Belitung and Kalimantan Islands) and the pattern of paleo rivers are predicted to influence the disparity.

First genetic record and phylogenetic relationship of Rasbora einthovenii (Bleeker, 1851) (Cyprinidae : Danioninae) from Bangka Island, Indonesia

“…According to [17], a value below 2% indicates a very high genetic similarity between 98-100%. This population is identically very similar in terms of morphology, but needs to be proven by looking at morphometric characters and body shape [18]. The samples of Rasbora einthovenii from Pahang, Malaysia showed the genetic distance is about 3,5%, the samples from Jambi, Indonesia is about 5,3%, the samples from Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia is about 9,8%, the samples from Serawak, Malaysia is about 9,6% and from Kalimantan Timur is about 7,8%.…”

Filogeografi Trigonopoma gracile dari Sungai Gedong, Bangka dan Catatan di Paparan Sunda berdasarkan gen COI

“…Semakin tinggi nilai matriks antarspesies menunjukkan bahwa kekerabatan genetik tersebut semakin jauh, begitupun sebaliknya (Juliantari 2015). Jarak genetik antarspesies yang terpisahkan pulau berbeda menunjukan variasi genetik juga terjadi pada sesama famili Cyprinidae, Osteochilus spilurus, yang jarak genetiknya mencapai 8% (Kurniawan et al, 2022). Terdapat hubungan intraspesifik antara populasi Sungai Gedong dan Sempan Bangka dengan Badau-Belitung dan Kapuas-Kalimantan Barat.…”

Genetic and morphological analysis of complex Giuris group species from Limboto Lake, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

“…DNA extraction used the Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification Kit protocol as stated in (Kurniawan et al 2022); the initial stage was that the 20 mg tissue specimen was crushed manually using sterile surgical scissors on a 1.5 mL microtube. A mixture of 500 µL nuclei lysis solution and 120 µL of 0.5 M EDTA was cooled for 10 minutes and then added to a 600 µL microtube, then 17.5 µL proteinase K was added.…”