Genetic diversity and population structure of Escherichia coli from neighboring small-scale dairy farms

Rosales-Castillo, Jesús Andrei; Vázquez-Garcidueñas, Ma. Soledad; Álvarez-Hernández, Hugo; Chassin‐Noria, Omar; Varela-Murillo, Alba Irene; Zavala-Páramo, María Guadalupe; Cano-Camacho, Horacio; Vázquez-Marrufo, Gerardo

doi:10.1007/s12275-011-0461-2

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, literature suggesting frequent transmission between farms is rare. This study adds weight to a growing body of evidence, concurring with the results of two North American studies by Wetzel et al [27] and Rosales-Castillo et al [28]. The former found genetically indistinguishable isolates on neighbouring Ohio dairy farms whilst the latter reported the spread of E. coli O157 isolates between Mexican cattle farms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The farm management questionnaire used in both Survey 1 and 2 did not ask about contacts with other farms so this potential transmission network cannot be tested formally. However, Rosales-Castillo et al [28] identified milking and other staff movement as a risk factor for farm-to-farm transmission. An alternative hypothesis could be that the clustering implies proximity to a shared environmental reservoir.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms: Evidence of local spread and persistence using repeat cross-sectional data

et al. 2014

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BackgroundEscherichia coli (E. coli) O157 is a virulent zoonotic strain of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli. In Scotland (1998-2008) the annual reported rate of human infection is 4.4 per 100,000 population which is consistently higher than other regions of the UK and abroad. Cattle are the primary reservoir. Thus understanding infection dynamics in cattle is paramount to reducing human infections.A large database was created for farms sampled in two cross-sectional surveys carried out in Scotland (1998 - 2004). A statistical model was generated to identify risk factors for the presence of E. coli O157 on farms. Specific hypotheses were tested regarding the presence of E. coli O157 on local farms and the farms previous status. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles were further examined to ascertain whether local spread or persistence of strains could be inferred.ResultsThe presence of an E. coli O157 positive local farm (average distance: 5.96km) in the Highlands, North East and South West, farm size and the number of cattle moved onto the farm 8 weeks prior to sampling were significant risk factors for the presence of E. coli O157 on farms. Previous status of a farm was not a significant predictor of current status (p = 0.398). Farms within the same sampling cluster were significantly more likely to be the same PFGE type (p < 0.001), implicating spread of strains between local farms. Isolates with identical PFGE types were observed to persist across the two surveys, including 3 that were identified on the same farm, suggesting an environmental reservoir. PFGE types that were persistent were more likely to have been observed in human clinical infections in Scotland (p < 0.001) from the same time frame.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate the spread of E. coli O157 between local farms and highlight the potential link between persistent cattle strains and human clinical infections in Scotland. This novel insight into the epidemiology of Scottish E. coli O157 paves the way for future research into the mechanisms of transmission which should help with the design of control measures to reduce E. coli O157 from livestock-related sources.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms: Evidence of local spread and persistence using repeat cross-sectional data

et al. 2014

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“…The primers used in the RAPD assays have been successfully used to obtain E. coli fingerprints (34). RAPD assays are robust enough to reveal genetic diversity between ETEC strains in a restricted geographical area (11,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Typing of Enterobacteria Harboring LT and ST Enterotoxin Genes Isolated from Mexican Children

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is the most common cause of diarrhea in children younger than 5 years in the developing world. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the Biolog  system, and an Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) to identify 69 enterobacteria isolated from the feces of healthy children up to 12 years old and 54 enterobacteria isolated from stool samples obtained from children up to 5 years old with diarrhea from Morelia, Michoac áan, Mexico. In the diarrheic group, 18 isolates belonged to the enterotoxigenic pathotype, 1 isolate had both LT (heat labile toxin) gene and ST (heat stable toxin) gene, and 17 had the ST gene. The identity of most of the strains harboring the ST gene was E. coli, and 3 of the strains were identified as Morganella morganii. The ST toxin gene of one of the strains identified as M. morganii showed 100z identity with an ST toxin gene of E. coli. The ARDRA was a very useful tool to differentiate between E. coli and M. morganii. The phenotypic and genetic analyses of the isolates using the Biolog  system and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, respectively, showed physiological variation among the studied strains and genetic differences between subgroups.

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“…Populations of E. coli, in the feces of individual or groups of cattle, farm, feedlot, or packing plant environ ments, and cattle in those environments have been characterized by various molecular techniques (19,23,24,27). In general, the findings have been that E. coli populations in cattle and their environments are very diverse.…”

Section: Numbers Of Genotypes Determined By Multiple-locus Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those strains might be acquired from strains persisting in the plant lairage and/or road trailers or in feedlot cattle throughout the region. The latter possibility must be considered because the same strains of E. coli have been recovered from widely separated farms in some regions (24). Further investigation of this matter would seem to be required.…”

Section: Numbers Of Genotypes Determined By Multiple-locus Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Effects of a Routine Treatment for Decontaminating Hide-On Carcasses at a Large Beef Packing Plant

Yang¹,

Badoni²,

Tran³

et al. 2015

Journal of Food Protection

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To investigate the microbiological effects of a hide-on carcass decontaminating treatment recently implemented at a beef packing plant, carcasses undergoing routine processing at the plant were sampled during successive periods in January/February, April/May, and September/October. During each period, samples were collected from carcasses before and after the decontamination of hide-on carcasses, after skinning, before decontamination of the skinned carcasses, and at the end of the carcass dressing process. At each stage of processing during each period, samples were obtained by swabbing an area of 1,000 cm(2) on each of 25 carcasses. Aerobes, coliforms, and Escherichia coli were enumerated. In most samples, coliforms were predominantly E. coli. In all three periods, the log mean numbers of aerobes and E. coli recovered from hides before decontamination were between 6.6 and 6.8 and between 5.3 and 5.9 log CFU/1,000 cm(2), respectively. The log mean numbers of aerobes recovered from decontaminated hides were 6.6 log CFU/1,000 cm(2) in January/February and April/May but 5.4 log CFU/1,000 cm(2) in September/October. The log total numbers of E. coli recovered from decontaminated hides in January/February and April/May were 2.4 and 3.8 log CFU/25,000 cm(2), respectively, but no E. coli was recovered from such carcasses in September/October. Log total numbers of aerobes and E. coli recovered from skinned or dressed carcasses were mostly >4 and between 1 and 2 log CFU/25,000 cm(2), respectively. Typing of 480 E. coli isolates by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) identified 218 MLVA types. Most isolates recovered from carcasses in different periods or at different stages of processing were of different MLVA types. However, small numbers of MLVA types were recovered in more than one period or from both hides before and after decontamination and skinned or dressed carcasses. The findings show that the hide-decontaminating treatment disrupted the usual transfer of E. coli from hides to meat surfaces during carcass skinning.

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Escherichia coli from neighboring small-scale dairy farms

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms: Evidence of local spread and persistence using repeat cross-sectional data

E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms: Evidence of local spread and persistence using repeat cross-sectional data

Multi-Typing of Enterobacteria Harboring LT and ST Enterotoxin Genes Isolated from Mexican Children

Microbiological Effects of a Routine Treatment for Decontaminating Hide-On Carcasses at a Large Beef Packing Plant

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