Genetic Diversity and Structure of Maize Accessions of North Western Himalayas Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Thakur, Naresh; Prakash, Jai; Thakur, Kalpna; Sharma, Jyotsna; Kumari, Ritu; Rana, Maneet; Lata, Swaran

doi:10.1007/s40011-016-0716-0

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition, AMOVA is a satisfactory grouping criterion for evaluating the variation within and among populations. In accordance with the result of the inbreeding coefficient value (F), the AMOVA revealed a greater level of genetic variation within rather than among regions ( Table 5 ), which matches the results recorded in previous studies [ 32 , 46 , 47 ]. According to Da Silva et al, outcrossing species ordinarily sustain the genetic variation within populations while genetic variation is lower among populations [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In our study, the overall average PIC for the SSR loci found was 0.699, which is in agreement with the PIC of 0.69 observed in the Japanese inbred lines of maize accessions [ 31 ]. Compared with our findings, Thakur et al (0.43) [ 32 ] and Belalia (0.57) [ 16 ] obtained lower values; a higher PIC value was recorded in a Turkish landrace maize population (0.72) using SSR markers [ 30 ]. These results indicate that the SSR markers used in this study provided adequate information for estimating the level of genetic diversity in South Sudan’s maize landraces.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…The placing of accessions from different collection areas in the same group indicates a close genetic association regardless of their diverse origin. The findings suggest that the landrace genotypes of maize may be frequently exchanged among the regions by farmers and that this might have occurred through different routes corresponds clearly with the hypothesis of seed mixing/exchanging and seed trade between small-scale farmers [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Normal Maize Germplasm Collected in South Sudan Revealed by SSR Markers

Mathiang

Jin

Park

et al. 2022

Plants

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Maize is one of the leading global cereals, and in South Sudan maize cultivation occurs in nearly all of the country’s agro-ecological zones. Despite its widespread cultivation, farmers in South Sudan depend on undeveloped varieties, which results in very low yields in the field. In the current study, 27 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to investigate genetic diversity and population structures among 37 landrace maize accessions collected from farmers’ fields in South Sudan. In total, 200 alleles were revealed with an average of 7.4 alleles per locus and a range from 3.0 to 13.0 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity values ranged from 0.06 to 0.91 with an average of 0.35. High polymorphic information content (PIC) values were identified with a mean of 0.69, which indicates the informativeness of the chosen SSR loci. Genetic structure analysis revealed a moderate genetic differentiation among the maize populations with a fixation index of 0.16, while there was very high genetic differentiation within the groups of populations of three regions with a mean fixation index (F) of 0.37. An unweighted pair group method with an arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram clustered the 37 maize accessions into three groups with 43% genetic similarity. The clustering pattern of the maize accessions was moderately consistent with their collection area. The findings of this study will provide maize breeders with a better understanding of maize diversification as well as a reserve of genetic resources for use in the selection of advantageous and useful resources for the development of maize varieties in South Sudan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Normal Maize Germplasm Collected in South Sudan Revealed by SSR Markers

Mathiang

Jin

Park

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Principal component analysis (PCA) helps in identifying the most relevant characters that can be used as descriptors by explaining as much of total variation in the original set of variables as possible with a few components as possible and reducing the dimension of the problem. The characters contributing more to the divergence gave greater emphasis for deciding on the cluster for the purpose of further selection and the choice of parents for hybridization (Thakur et al 2016). The first principal component (PC1) was the most important and explained 31.81 % of the total variance which was mainly contributed by grain yield per plant, cob girth, harvest index, 100-grain weight, plant height, cob length and grains per row while, the principal component (PC2) contributed 27.16 % of the total variance and was demonstrated by days to 50% pollen shed, days to 75% brown husk and days to 50% silking.…”

Section: Correlation Path and Principal Component Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Divergence Among Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Lines Using Morphometric Markers

Awasthi¹,

Lata²,

Guleria³

et al. 2021

IJAR

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Genetic divergence study is imperative in breeding programmes in order to select distant parents. Forty maize inbred lines were assessed using morphometric markers to identify the potential inbred lines for yield and its component traits. The inbred lines were raised in ÃŽÂ±-RBD design replicated twice during kharif 2019. The morphological diversity analysis was done as per the standard statistical procedures using Mahalanobis D2-statistic. Analysis of variance revealed significant mean sum of squares due to genotypes for all the traits suggesting ample amount of genetic variability present among them. Moderate PCV, GCV and high heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance was observed for grain yield per plant, plant and cob placement height. Grain yield per plant exhibited significant positive correlation with all the traits except days to 50 per cent pollen shed and silking. Path analysis revealed high direct effects of days to 50 per cent pollen shed, harvest index, grains per row and 100 grain-weight on grain yield per plant therefore these morphometric traits would be the best selection indices to select high yielding genotypes. D2-statistics grouped 40 maize genotypes into three clusters. Cluster III has the highest cluster mean values for all the traits.Seven genotypes viz., 4186-4-05-1-1, LM-14, BAJIM-08-27, BIOM 10, LQPM24ÃƒÂ—1114-5, 9180-2, LDH 5(Vivek-21-1) were superior over the best check on the basis of mean performance and disease resistance and were diverse therefore, could be used in maize improvement program.

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“…Maize (Zea mays L. 2n = 20) is the world's most widely distributed crop and one of the major and popular cereals grown worldwide (Shiferaw et al 2011). Maize is also considered to be one of the most diverse crops, with great diversity in morphological and physiological traits and extensive polymorphism in its DNA sequences (Thakur et al 2017). Therefore, these diversity traits are being used as tools for maize breeding programs (Tanavar et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Variation in Normal Maize Landrace Accessions Collected from South Sudan

Mathiang

Jin

Park

et al. 2023

Plant Breed. Biotech.

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Morphological variation was investigated among 31 maize landrace accessions collected from the fields of various farmers in South Sudan by examining 7 quantitative agronomic characteristics. A significant positive correlation was found between days to tasseling (DT) and days to silking (DS), between plant height (PH) and ear height (EH) and stem width (SW), and between EH and SW and leaf length (LL). First and second principal components accounted for 69% of the total variance (40.9% and 28.6%, respectively). PH, EH, SW, LL, and leaf width (LW) were clearly characterized in a positive direction on the first axis. DT and DS were clearly characterized in a positive direction on the second axis. A scatter plot based on phenotypic data revealed the existence of 3 groups based on the most discriminating characteristics: Group I included 5 maize landrace accessions, Group II comprised 14 maize landrace accessions, and Group III included 10 maize landrace accessions. In principal component analysis, generally the investigated genotypes were not clearly grouped into their geographical origins owing to a weak geographic relationship among the accessions. In conclusion, even though the morphological characterization studies were conducted in the South Korean climate, this study revealed significant phenotypic variation among the explored maize landrace accessions collected from South Sudan. Therefore, this information about phenotypic divergence may be very useful for future breeding research programs as well as for genetic improvement of South Sudan maize accessions.

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Genetic Diversity and Structure of Maize Accessions of North Western Himalayas Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Normal Maize Germplasm Collected in South Sudan Revealed by SSR Markers

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Normal Maize Germplasm Collected in South Sudan Revealed by SSR Markers

Genetic Divergence Among Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Lines Using Morphometric Markers

Morphological Variation in Normal Maize Landrace Accessions Collected from South Sudan

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