Genetic Diversity, Genetic Erosion, Conservation of Genetic Resources, and Cultivation of Medicinal Plants

Rao, B. R. Subba

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25954-3_11

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Medicinal plants and herbal medicines catapulted into a patent war zone as highly valuable commodities through modern technologies. Many developed and developing countries were actively engaged with medicinal plants for therapeutically precious and biologically active Phytochemical [13]. This study also showed such a trend of the diversity of endophytic fungi which was apparent with the leaves, stem, flowers and calyx parts of medicinal plant Moringa oleifera collected from the Omalur region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Bioactive Potential of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus Flavus (Ss03) Against Clinical Isolates

Rȧjeswari

Umamaheswari

Prasanth

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: This study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant Moringa oleifera Lam. collected from the Omalur region, Salem district.Methods: The endophytic fungi were isolated from stem, leaves, flowers and calyx of Moringa oleifera by surface sterilization method. The samples were surface sterilized by immersing it in 70% ethanol for 5 seconds followed by 4% sodium hypochlorite for 90 seconds and then a final rinsing in sterile distilled water. Then fungal biomass was extracted for intracellular metabolites by using ethyl acetate as solvent. The crude extract was filtered, and the filtrate was dried under vacuum at 40 °C. The filtrate was analyzed for antimicrobial activity. The fungi which showed the maximum activity was identified and the metabolite present in the ethyl acetate extract was characterized and identified by GC-MS and NMR analysis.Results: The predominant endophytic fungi isolated belongs to the genera of Aspergillus spp, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus terreus and dematiaceous fungi namely Bipolaris spp. From this Aspergillus flavus showed the highest zone of inhibition was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus 22 mm and strain of Candida tropicalis 19 mm. The efficiency of the bioactive compound was identified by GC-MS and NMR analysis and found to be Fenaclon, (R)(-) 14 methyl-8-hexadecyn-1-ol, Trans-β-farnesene (E)-β-farnesene, 9-Octcadecene,1,1, DimethoxyConclusion: This study results indicate that the bioactive metabolites produce the endophytic fungi Aspergillus flavus could be promising source as antimicrobial agents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Bioactive Potential of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus Flavus (Ss03) Against Clinical Isolates

Rȧjeswari

Umamaheswari

Prasanth

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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“…Recent studies indicate that the majority of the Indian plant species demonstrates medicinal applicability and their use in ancient medicine, as Ayurvedic medicine, has confirmed their therapeutic profiles . Thus, in some of the Indian regions, over 50% of the plant species are regarded as medicinal plants and are widely used by the population to treat a large number of diseases . In China, about 40% of the total medicinal consumption is attributed to traditional tribal medicines .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products Evaluated in Neuropathic Pain Models ‐ A Systematic Review

Quintans

Antoniolli

Almeida

et al. 2013

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Chronic pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain, are a common problem that poses a major challenge to health-care providers due to its complex natural history, unclear aetiology and poor response towards therapy. Despite the large number of drugs available, the adherence is limited by the large range of side effects and pharmacological ineffectiveness. Thus, the search for new chemical entities that can act as promising molecules to treat chronic pain conditions has emerged. The natural products remain as the most promising sources of new chemical entities with applicability for the medical approach. Hence, we performed a systematic review analysing pre-clinical studies shown to be promising in a possible applicability in neuropathic pain. The search terms neuropathic pain, phytotherapy and medicinal plants were used to retrieve English language articles in LILACS, PUBMED and EMBASE published until 10 April 2013. From a total of 1529 articles surveyed, 28 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria established. The main chemical compounds studied were flavonoids (28%), terpenes (17%), alkaloids (14%), phenols (10%), carotenoids (10%) and others (21%). The mostly described animal models for the study of neuropathic pain included were chronic constriction injury (CCI -32%), partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL -28%), streptozotocin -induced diabetic (28%), alcoholic neuropathy (3.5%), sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA -3.5%) and neuropathic pain induced by paclitaxel (3.5%). The opioids, serotonergic and cannabinoid systems are suggested as the most promising targets for the natural products described. Therefore, the data reviewed here suggest that these compounds are possible candidates for the treatment of chronic painful conditions, such as neuropathic pain.

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“…Trabajos realizados en diferentes países del mundo (Adams et al, 2004;Hamilton, 2004Hamilton, , 2008Lange, 2004;Wiersum et al, 2006;van de Kop et al, 2006;Shengji et al, 2010;Raina et al, 2011;Rajeswara et al, 2012) han destacado que el aprovechamiento sostenible de plantas medicinales debe ser considerado una estrategia para conservar la biodiversidad, mejorar la calidad de vida y mitigar la pobreza en comunidades que dependan de éstas; teniendo como respaldo el signifi cado que las plantas medicinales representan para la población en materia de salud, ambiente, economía e identidad cultural.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…El cultivo asegura la disponibilidad y reduce la extracción en hábitats silvestres de las plantas medicinales, por lo que es considerado BERENICE NATHALY LÓPEZ-GUTIÉRREZ ET AL. una herramienta para la conservación de la biodiversidad (Wiersum et al, 2006;Hamilton, 2008;Raina et al, 2011;Rajeswara et al, 2012). Se propuso el cultivo de Equisetum myriochaetum, Costus scaber, Jaegeria macrocephala, Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides, Justicia spicigera, Sambucus nigra y Persea americana, ya que son especies con elevada importancia cultural, pero presentan restringida distribución geográfi ca y baja densidad poblacional.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Aprovechamiento sostenible y conservación de las plantas medicinales en Cantarranas, Huehuetla, Hidalgo, México, como un medio para mejorar la calidad de vida en la comunidad

2014

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Resumen: Este estudio se realizó en Cantarranas, Huehuetla, Hidalgo, México, donde el tipo de vegetación dominante es bosque tropical perennifolio. Cantarranas presenta alto grado de marginación, limitado acceso a servicios de salud y pocas oportunidades para incrementar sus ingresos económicos. El objetivo fue planear el aprovechamiento sostenible y conservación de plantas medicinales usadas en la comunidad como una alternativa para resolver problemas ambientales y sociales. Las especies fueron evaluadas con métodos etnobotánicos y ecológicos. Se usaron entrevistas estructuradas para documentar el valor cultural de las especies, nivel de fi delidad, prácticas e intensidad de manejo, usos y padecimientos tratados. La distribución y abundancia se obtuvo con el método de transectos lineales. Las 19 especies evaluadas son usadas para atender 51 padecimientos, los desórdenes gastrointestinales se tratan mayormente mediante las plantas medicinales. Las especies con mayor índice de valor cultural fueron Equisetum myriochaetum (0.69), Psidium guajava (0.37), Jaegeria macrocephala (0.26592) y Costus scaber (0.25496). Hamelia patens registró el mayor nivel de fi delidad (96%), seguida de E. myriochaetum (88%). Los valores de intensidad de manejo fueron más altos en C. scaber (9.2) y P. guajava (9). La densidad poblacional osciló entre 1 y 387 individuos por hectárea, según la especie y forma de vida. Mediante la vinculación sociedad y Universidad, se desarrolló e impartió un diplomado para los miembros de la comunidad, relacionado con el uso y aprovechamiento sostenible de plantas medicinales. Se constituyó una Sociedad Cooperativa con mujeres de la comunidad, ellas trabajan en la conservación y aprovechamiento sostenible de plantas medicinales. Palabras clave: etnobotánica, remedios herbolarios, Otomí-Tepehua, valor cultural, vinculación. Abstract:The present study was carried in Cantarranas, Huehuetla, Hidalgo, Mexico. The vegetation type is tropical evergreen forest. Cantarranas presents high degree of marginalization, limited access to health services, and few opportunities to increase its economic income. The aim was to design a strategy for the sustainable harvesting and conservation of medicinal plants used by the community, as an alternative to solve social and environmental problems. The species were evaluated by ethnobotanical and ecological methods. Using structured interviews, index of cultural value, index of Friedman value, practices and management intensity, and uses and conditions treated were documented. The distribution and abundance were obtained with line transects method. Nineteen plants were evaluated, they are used to treat 51 conditions; the gastrointestinal disorders were the most frequently treated with medicinal plants. The species with the higher index of cultural value were Equisetum myriochaetum (0.69), Psidium guajava (0.37), Jaegeria macrocephala (0.26) y Costus scaber (0.25). Hamelia patens recorded the highest level of fi delity (96%), followed by E. myriochaetum (88%). The values of man...

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Genetic Diversity, Genetic Erosion, Conservation of Genetic Resources, and Cultivation of Medicinal Plants

Cited by 20 publications

References 57 publications

Bioactive Potential of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus Flavus (Ss03) Against Clinical Isolates

Bioactive Potential of Endophytic Fungi Aspergillus Flavus (Ss03) Against Clinical Isolates

Natural Products Evaluated in Neuropathic Pain Models ‐ A Systematic Review

Aprovechamiento sostenible y conservación de las plantas medicinales en Cantarranas, Huehuetla, Hidalgo, México, como un medio para mejorar la calidad de vida en la comunidad

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