Genetic Diversity in the Prion Protein Gene (<i>PRNP</i>) of Domestic Cattle and Water Buffaloes in Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand

Abstract

There has been an accumulation of information on frequencies of insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphisms within the bovine prion protein gene (PRNP) and on the number of octapeptide repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of bovine PRNP related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) susceptibility. We investigated the frequencies of 23-bp indel polymorphism in the promoter region (23indel) and 12-bp indel polymorphism in intron 1 region (12indel), octapeptide repeat polymorphisms and SNPs in the bovine PRNP of cattle and water buffaloes in Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand. The frequency of the deletion allele in the 23indel site was significantly low in cattle of Indonesia and Thailand and water buffaloes. The deletion allele frequency in the 12indel site was significantly low in all of the cattle and buffaloes categorized in each subgroup. In both indel sites, the deletion allele has been reported to be associated with susceptibility to classical BSE. In some Indonesian local cattle breeds, the frequency of the allele with 5 octapeptide repeats was significantly high despite the fact that the allele with 6 octapeptide repeats has been reported to be most frequent in many breeds of cattle. Four SNPs observed in Indonesian local cattle have not been reported for domestic cattle. This study provided information on PRNP of livestock in these Southeast Asian countries.

Application of mathematical expectation (ME) strategy for detecting low frequency mutations: An example for evaluating 14-bp insertion/deletion (indel) within the bovine PRNP gene

“…The results of our study were consistent with previous results. 10,28 However, they did not corroborate the results presented by Shimogiri, 10 who reported the frequency in Japanese Brown of more than 0.10. 27 Those discrepancies might be due to the small sample size (n D 64).…”

The evaluation of 23-bp and 12-bp insertion/deletion within the PRNP gene and their effects on growth traits in healthy Chinese native cattle breeds

“…In cattle, various PRNP polymorphisms had been reported, including a 23-bp insertion/deletion (indel) in the promoter region (Sander et al 2004), a 12-bp indel in intron 1 (Nakamitsu et al 2006), a 14-bp indel in 3 ′ -untranslated region (Hills et al 2001), the number of octapeptide repeats in the open reading frame (Goldmann et al 1991) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (Sander et al 2005;Abe et al 2006;Kues et al 2006;Uchida et al 2014). To date, frequencies of above-mentioned polymorphisms have been reported in cattle in USA (Seabury et al 2004;Heaton et al 2008), Polish Black-andWhite cattle artificial insemination (AI) sires (Walawski and Czarnik 2003), Japanese brown cattle (Nakamura et al 2007;Msalya et al 2009), Asian native cattle , Iranian Holstein cattle (Roshanfekr and Farid 2013), BSE affected cattle (Sander et al 2004;Gurgul et al 2012) and others.…”

Frequencies of the PRNP Gene Polymorphisms in Binglangjiang Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) for Comparing Potential Susceptibility to BSE

“…It was interesting to know about genetic differences in PRNP polymorphisms associated with susceptibility of BSE between buffalo and cattle. In present scenario, results of previous findings have displayed that Anatolian, Chinese, Pakistani and Thai buffalo species compared to cattle showed dramatically differences in the two PRNP indels polymorphisms (Oztabak et al, 2009;Imran et al, 2012;Uchida et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2015). Although the genetic resources of buffalo in China is enormous, but still little has been reported on genetic vulnerability of the Chinese buffalo to BSE (Zhao et al, 2015).…”

“…Results from current and previous studies were analyzed for frequency distribution of 23 bp and 12 bp indels polymorphism of buffalo, healthy and BSE cattle. Data for the comparative analyses and frequency distribution on buffalo, BSE cattle and healthy cattle was acquired from almost published documents (Sander et al, 2004;Seabury et al, 2004;Juling et al, 2006;Nakamitsu et al, 2006;Brunelle et al, 2007Brunelle et al, , 2008Czarnik et al, 2007Czarnik et al, , 2011Haase et al, 2007;Kerber et al, 2008;Muramatsu et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2009;Msalya et al, 2009;Oztabak et al, 2009;Murdoch et al, 2010;Shimogiri et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2010;Qin et al, 2011;Zhu et al, 2011;Gurgul et al, 2012;Imran et al, 2012;Uchida et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2015). The allelic, genotypic and haplotypic frequencies of PRNP indels polymorphism in buffalo, taking into account the Anatolian buffalo (Oztabak et al, 2009), Pakistani buffalo (Imran et al, 2012), Vietnam, Indonesian and Thai buffalo (Uchida et al, 2014), Chinese swamp buffalo (Zhao et al, 2015) and BLJ buffalo (in presentstudy, river type), were dramatically vary from that of BSE and healthy cattle (P<0.001; Fig.…”