Genetic diversity is considered important but interpreted narrowly in country reports to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Current actions and indicators are insufficient

Hoban, Sean; Campbell, Catriona D.; Silva, Jessica M. da; Ekblom, Robert; Funk, W. Chris; Garner, Brittany A.; Godoy, José A.; Kershaw, Francine; MacDonald, Anna J.; Mergeay, Joachim; Minter, Melissa; O’Brien, David; Vinas, Ivan Paz; Pearson, Sarah; Pérez‐Espona, Sílvia; Potter, Kevin M.; Russo, Isa‐Rita M.; Segelbacher, Gernot; Vernesi, Cristiano; Hunter, Margaret E.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109233

Cited by 92 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Due to the increase in human population, the demands of dairy and meat products, such as eggs, meat, and milk, have also increased. This has encouraged the poultry farming and livestock raising, which are actually considered as the main door for persuading the transmission of various viruses from the wildlife world to the human world [35]. The reduction in green cover of the Earth will severely affect our lives in the long run.…”

Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Society, Environment, Economy, and Education

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused drastic changes across the globe, affecting all areas of life. This paper provides a comprehensive study on the influence of COVID-19 in various fields such as the economy, education, society, the environment, and globalization. In this study, both the positive and negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on education are studied. Modern technologies are combined with conventional teaching to improve the communication between instructors and learners. COVID-19 also greatly affected people with disabilities and those who are older, with these persons experiencing more complications in their normal routine activities. Additionally, COVID-19 provided negative impacts on world economies, greatly affecting the business, agriculture, entertainment, tourism, and service sectors. The impact of COVID-19 on these sectors is also investigated in this study, and this study provides some meaningful insights and suggestions for revitalizing the tourism sector. The association between globalization and travel restrictions is studied. In addition to economic and human health concerns, the influence of a lockdown on environmental health is also investigated. During periods of lockdown, the amount of pollutants in the air, soil, and water was significantly reduced. This study motivates researchers to investigate the positive and negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in various unexplored areas.

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Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Society, Environment, Economy, and Education

et al. 2021

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“…A similar suggestion to include a ‘genetic threat’ in the red list process has been made several times (Garner et al 2020; Willoughby et al 2015). We truly think that it is now feasible and necessary for the red list to do so, as the genetic threats to species are growing in impact, and as genetic technologies and knowledge of genetic processes are ever more accessible (Hoban et al 2021b; Parli et al 2021; Taft et al 2020). Assessors could be asked to input the numbers of historic populations and current populations, and estimates of the census size of each population, in tables which would then be amenable to large scale analysis across many species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hoban et al (2020) develops this framework and defines three genetic indicators, suitable for CBD reporting: 1) the number of populations with effective population size (Ne) above versus below 500, 2) the proportion of populations (or geographic range) maintained within species, 3) the number of species and populations in which genetic diversity is monitored using DNA-based methods. [2] Further elaboration of these proposed indicators have been provided in subsequent work, including the suggestion to use the census population size, Nc>5000 as a proxy for Ne>500 when the Ne/Nc ratio is not known for the focal species; in other words to assume an Ne/Nc ratio of 0.1 (Hoban et al 2021a; Hoban et al 2021b; Laikre et al 2021). Currently, the Ne-indicator is proposed as a Headline Indicator in the post-2020 CBD Global Biodiversity Framework, while the proportion of populations maintained-indicator is proposed as a Component Indicator and the DNA-based indicator is suggested as a Complementary Indicator (CBD/WG2020/3/3/Add.1; CBD/WG2020/2/INF/2;CBD/SBSTTA/24/3Add.1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical application of indicators for genetic diversity in CBD post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework implementation

Thurfjell

Laikre

Ekblom

et al. 2022

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Genetic diversity is a key aspect of biological variation for the adaptability and survival of populations of species, which must be monitored to assure maintenance. We used data from the Swedish Red-List 2020 and a recent report to apply three indicators for genetic diversity proposed for the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). We made more detailed indicator assessments for mammals and herptiles. For indicator 1, the proportion of populations with effective population size Ne>500, 33% of 22557 investigated species had a population estimate. For herptiles and mammals, 70% and 49%, respectively likely had Ne>500. For indicator 2, the proportion of populations or range remaining within species, 20% of all species evaluated for the Red-List have data. Meanwhile, 32% of the herptile and 84% of the mammal populations are maintaining their populations/range. For indicator 3, the number of species/populations in which genetic diversity is monitored using DNA-based methods, there are studies on 3% of species, and 0.3% are monitored. In contrast 68% of mammals and 29% of herptiles are studied using DNA, and 8% of mammals and 24% of herptiles are genetically monitored. We conclude that the Red List have data for evaluating the genetic indicators, but the data quality can be improved. There is a synergy in estimating the genetic indicators in parallel with the Red-Listing process. We propose that indicator values could be included in national Red-Listing as a new category - genetically threatened, based on the genetic indicators.

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“…Modern biodiversity conservation strategies rely, or at least should, on the knowledge of genetic resources ( Gepts, 2006 ; Hoban et al, 2021 ). Big efforts were made in the exploration of genetic resources in the last decades ( Halewood et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights Into Refugia at the Southern Margin of the Distribution Range of the Endangered Species Ulmus laevis

et al. 2022

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Riparian ecosystems, in long-time developed regions, are among the most heavily impacted by human activities; therefore, the distribution of tree riparian species, such as Ulmus laevis, is highly affected. This phenomenon is particularly relevant at the margins of the natural habitat of the species, where populations are small and rare. In these cases, it is difficult to distinguish between relics or introductions, but it is relevant for the restoration of natural habitats and conservation strategies. The aim of this study was to study the phylogeography of the southern distribution of the species. We sequenced the entire chloroplast (cp) genomes of 54 individuals from five sampled populations across different European regions to highlight polymorphisms and analyze their distribution. Thirty-two haplotypes were identified. All the sampled populations showed private haplotypes that can be considered an indicator of long-term residency, given the low mutation rate of organellar DNA. The network of all haplotypes showed a star-like topology, and Serbian haplotypes were present in all branches. The Balkan population showed the highest level of nucleotide and genetic diversity. Low genetic differentiation between populations was observed but we found a significant differentiation among Serbia vs. other provenances. Our estimates of divergent time of U. laevis samples highlight the early split of above all Serbian individuals from other populations, emphasizing the reservoir role of white elm genetic diversity of Serbian population.

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Genetic diversity is considered important but interpreted narrowly in country reports to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Current actions and indicators are insufficient

Cited by 92 publications

References 54 publications

Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Society, Environment, Economy, and Education

Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Society, Environment, Economy, and Education

Practical application of indicators for genetic diversity in CBD post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework implementation

Novel Insights Into Refugia at the Southern Margin of the Distribution Range of the Endangered Species Ulmus laevis

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