Genetic diversity of Cosmos species revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The genus Cosmos is native of America and is constituted by 34 species; 28 of them are endemic of Mexico. The cosmos are used as a nematicide, antimalarial, and antioxidative agent. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity among 7 cosmos species based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequences repeats (ISSR) markers. With RAPD markers, the obtained polymorphism was 91.7 % and the genetic diversity was 0.33, whereas these values were 65.6%, and 0.22 from ISSR markers, respectively, indicating the presence of high genetic diversity among the Cosmos species that were analyzed. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrograms that were obtained with both markers were notably similar, revealing 2 clusters and indicating a clear genetic differentiation among the Cosmos species that were assessed. The first cluster comprised the species Cosmos sulphureus, Cosmos pacificus, and Cosmos diversifolius, while the second cluster included the species Cosmos purpureus, Cosmos crithmifolius, Cosmos bipinnatus, and Cosmos parviflorus. Besides this, the Cosmos species were clustered according to their collection sites. The Mantel test corroborates the correlation between the genetic distance and the geographic altitude of each Cosmos species. The results suggest that it is necessary to preserve the Cosmos species in their natural habitat in addition to the germoplasm collection for ex situ conservation.

Short Communication: Genetic similarity analysis of in vitro cultivated pineapple (Ananas comosus) from Sipahutar, North Sumatra, Indonesia using ISSR markers

“…This was affected by the source of acclimatization plant extracts from plant samples grown in different environments and the same environmental growth factors in the YAHDI Tissue Culture Laboratory. Genetic differences in parental originating from the Sipahutar area, in plants grown in different environments, and in acclimatized plants cultured in vitro could occur because of altitude, growth area, and environmental conditions (Rodríguez-Bernal et al 2013;Sharma 2015;Youssef and Mahgoub 2015).…”