Genetic Diversity of Farmers’ Varieties of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Special Orientation to Lodging Characteristics

Abstract

Lodging status of rice is an important consideration for determination of grain yield and acceptability of the genotype among the rice farming community. In this communication, 59 local genotypes of rice were screened for lodging tolerance under three different cultivation environments. Boichi and Seshaphal were found to be highly lodging tolerant under all the three situations. Majority of the local genotypes were reported to be susceptible to lodging. The numbers of highly susceptible local genotypes towards lodging were 55, 29 and 15 at irrigated, drought created by spraying potassium iodide (KI) under irrigated condition and normal terminal drought environments, respectively. Lodging was more frequent in irrigated condition than the normal terminal drought condition or drought situation created by spraying of KI along with normal irrigation. The mean reduction in yield was more in the drought situation created by spraying of KI along with normal irrigation (20.62%) than the normal terminal drought (18.66%). The average lodging susceptibility also reduced in normal terminal drought condition (3.58) as compared to the drought situation created by spraying of KI along with normal irrigation (6.32). It has been reported that in most of the cases lodging caused remarkable yield loss.

Effect of System of Rice Intensification and organic manure on growth and yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Significant and higher plant height was observed with the spacing 25cm x 25cm might be due to lesser leaf area during the initial growth stages and it stimulates the effect of cell division which causes more cell elongation, resulted in higher plant height. Similar result was reported by Debbarma and Abraham (2017). Further, significant and higher plant height was observed with the application of FYM (18t/ha) might be due to gradual mineralization and availability of nutrients along with moisture holding capacity of soil by FYM.…”

“…During the last decade or 2, a new approach, widely known as System of Rice Intensification method of transplanting (SRI), knowledge based low external input technology has attracted attention because of its apparent success in increasing rice yield. The SRI was introduced in India during the year 2000 as a viable alternative of rice cultivation that enhance the productivity and profitability while minimizing the inputs (Debbarma and Abraham, 2017). The SRI, helps in increasing the tillering potential and also ensuring that the plant has enough space to spread and deepen its roots, as well as develop a large canopy for intercepting sunlight and instead of flooding the paddy field, soil should be kept moist during vegetative phase under SRI and only at later stages from panicle initiation till physiological maturity 5 cm water height should be maintained, which makes plants' rhizosphere well-aerated due to this their rooting condition become more oxidized, resulted in enhancing the synthesis of cytokinin and also maintain higher cytokinin fluxes from roots to shoot during the ripening stages, which helps to maintain higher levels of rubiso in leaves causes a greater photosynthesis rate (Sanoh et al, 2006).…”

Conservation and successful utilization of landraces for rice improvement

“…Majority of the FVs were noted to be susceptible to lodging and the reason for susceptibility was their height and weak culm. Lodging susceptibility was recurrent in irrigated condition than the normal terminal drought condition or drought situation created by spraying of potassium iodide along with normal irrigation (Debbarma and Roy, 2017). Consequently, the reduction in yield was more in the drought situation created by spraying of potassium iodide along with normal irrigation (20.62%) than the normal terminal drought (18.66%).…”

“…The FVs were characterized as per the (Roy, 2013;Roy et al, 2013;Roy and Surjec, 2016;Mahato et al, 2017;Debbarma and Roy, 2017;Surje et al, 2018;Surje et al, 2019).Genetic variations were also observed for grain quality parameters (Mandal et al, 2021).The FVs were found to be nutritionally unique and having high nutritive value. Kataribhog, Sadanunia, Chakhao were identified as promising in terms of resistant starch content, amylose content, glycemic index and antioxidant content.…”

“…Lodging Tolerance: Lodging trait of FVs of rice is an important criterion for determination of grain yield and their acceptability among the rice farming community. Boichi and Seshaphal were identified as highly lodging tolerant (Debbarma and Roy, 2017). Majority of the FVs were noted to be susceptible to lodging and the reason for susceptibility was their height and weak culm.…”