Genetic diversity of Brassica carinata with emphasis on the interspecific crossability with B. rapa

Abstract

Brassica carinata (BBCC, 2n ¼ 34) possesses many good agronomic characters and, to provide more genetic information about this species and utilize it further, 110 accessions of B. carinata were tested for genetic variation by using 233 amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, so that a dendrogram could be constructed. To combine the good traits of B. carinata and B. rapa (AA, 2n ¼ 20) with those of B. napus (AACC, 2n ¼ 38) which is the major rapeseed variety in China, interspecific crosses between these two species have been made which have resulted in 276 doubled hybrids (AABBCC). These hexaploids combine positive characters and can be used for crossing with B. napus. Brassica carinata as the female parents exhibited extensive differences in interspecific crossability and 20 high crossability accessions were identified. The Poisson Regression Model analysis result (P < 0.0255) indicated that such differences were due to the genotype of the accessions. Accessions with high crossability could promote gene flow within the genus Brassica.

Correlation analysis of the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in the nascent synthetic allotetraploid Raphanobrassica

“…alboglabra, and 632,699 reads in Raphanobrassica . Interestingly, one of the targets of miR172 is AP2 gene, which is essential for regulation of leaf conversion from young to mature41. MiR166, miR167, miR172, and miR158 had more than 10,000 reads in all three libraries, with similar expression profiles.…”

Crossability of <i>Brassica carinata</i> and <i>B. tournefortii</i>, and Cytomorphology of Their F₁ Hybrid

“…Ethiopian or Abyssinian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun, 2n=34) possesses many desirable characteristics that are rare in the other Brassica oil crops: heat and drought tolerance, tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses and availability of yellow-seeded germplasm (Jiang et al 2007). Inspite of these positive attributes, the crop suffers from many agronomic limitations like longer crop duration, poor harvest index, low oil content etc., whereas B. tournefortii (2n=20), known variously as wild turnip or Sahara mustard or Asian mustard or Tournefortʼs mustard or Tournefortʼs Birdrape, grown sporadically in a few pockets of arid and semi-arid areas, has a strategy of early and quick growth because this effectively captures available soil moisture, enables it to build a canopy, reproduce and mature before neighbouring species (Minnich and Sanders 2000).…”

A new method for producing allohexaploid Brassica through unreduced gametes

“…The two step approach to intercrossing allotetraploid Brassica species, outlined in this paper, was successful in producing hybrid seed from both generations (1.12 and 0.12 seeds per bud pollinated for first generation and second generation hybrids, respectively, Tables 1, 2). The second generation hybrids produced a higher rate of trigenomic progeny than reported in diploid 9 tetraploid Brassica crosses, such as B. napus 9 B. nigra, where seven triploid hybrids were obtained from 1676 pollinated buds (Pradhan et al 2010b) and B. carinata 9 B. rapa, where *1200 hybrids were obtained from 40,000 bud pollinations (Jiang et al 2007). Nelson et al (2009) reported elevated levels of unreduced gametes from a B. napus 9 B. carinata (2n = C n C c A n B c ) unbalanced hybrid compared to the parent B. napus and B. carinata lines.…”