Genetic Diversity of Mumps Virus in Oral Fluid Specimens: Application to Mumps Epidemiological Study

Jin, Li; Brown, David; Litton, P. A.; White, Joanne

doi:10.1086/382134

Cited by 47 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…On the other hand, although data from 1996 to 1998 are limited, the genotype H1 strain was also detected during that period, suggesting that the end of an epidemic wave was not always followed by a genotype replacement. Although a temporal shift in MV genotype circulation was described previously (10,11,12,16,26,33), we believe that this is the first report establishing a link between cyclic variations, genotype, and mumps prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Finally, previous experience with the elimination programs for other preventable viral diseases, such as measles, rubella, and polio, suggest that genotyping would facilitate mumps surveillance (38), since the pattern of viral circulation can be traced. Consequently, molecular epidemiology studies have been performed around the world (2,7,10,11,12,15,17,18,23,31,32,33,34,35,41).Mumps vaccination was introduced in the Spanish national vaccination repertoire in 1981 as part of the triple viral vaccine (the MMR vaccine). As a result, the number of mumps cases fell from 286,887 in 1984 to 1,527 in 2004.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Circulation of Mumps Virus Genotypes in Spain from 1996 to 2007

et al. 2010

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Mumps is a highly transmissible but usually benign disease consisting of bilateral swelling of the salivary glands. In some instances, though, clinical complications can arise. Bilateral orchitis and clinical self-limited meningitis or more serious complications, such as encephalitis, deafness, male sexual sterility, and pancreatitis, may occur in rare cases (9).Mumps virus (MV), a virus belonging to the genus Rubulavirus of the subfamily Paramyxovirinae, is considered monotypic regarding its antigenicity. Thus, mumps vaccination is part of the regular immunization schedule of many countries, usually along with the measles and rubella vaccination (i.e., the MMR vaccine) in a single formulation. However, in contrast to rubella and measles, secondary vaccine failure frequently allows MV circulation within highly immunized populations (1,5,8,24,36). The use of a poorly immunogenic genotype A strain called Rubini has been proposed as a cause of these major failures, although the occurrence of mumps in patients immunized with other vaccine strains has also been described (26).Genetic variation in the small hydrophobic (SH) gene has led to the characterization of 12 genotypes, which are recognized by the WHO (13, 14, 23). Differential efficiency on cross neutralization among different genotypes has been suggested (20, 21), as have the differential capacities of certain strains to invade the neural system (25, 32). Finally, previous experience with the elimination programs for other preventable viral diseases, such as measles, rubella, and polio, suggest that genotyping would facilitate mumps surveillance (38), since the pattern of viral circulation can be traced. Consequently, molecular epidemiology studies have been performed around the world (2,7,10,11,12,15,17,18,23,31,32,33,34,35,41).Mumps vaccination was introduced in the Spanish national vaccination repertoire in 1981 as part of the triple viral vaccine (the MMR vaccine). As a result, the number of mumps cases fell from 286,887 in 1984 to 1,527 in 2004. However, the general descendant trend was interrupted by some peaks: in 1989 (from 48,393 in 1987 to 83,527 in 1989), 1996 (from 7,002 in 1995 to 14,411 in 1996), 2000 (from 2,857 in 1998 to 9,391 in 2000), and 2007 (from 1,527 in 2004 to 10,219 in 2007). Surprisingly, these peaks occurred despite a national vaccine coverage rate of over 95% of the population by 1999. As has been previously reported (29,30), the occurrence of vaccinated individuals with MV RNA present in their saliva and/or urine with viral IgG but not IgM in acute-phase serum was frequent, suggesting secondary vaccine failure. Although most secondary vaccine failures were associated with the use of at least one dose of the Rubini strain, cases of mumps in patients vaccinated with two doses of the Jerryl Lynn strain were also observed (29,30).In this report, we describe the MV genotypes circulating in Spain over the past 8 years. This represents the first series of data obtained for the national level. Interestingly, this series comprises three...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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confidence: 99%

Circulation of Mumps Virus Genotypes in Spain from 1996 to 2007

et al. 2010

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“…The strains RW (X63708), ge2-87 (reconstructed from the publication) (2), Tay-UK50 (AF142774), MP93-N (AB003415), and UK02-19 (AY380077) are in this list. The strains Tay-UK50 and UK02-19 have been reported previously as outliers (10,12,14) or proposed as a new genotype (12), respectively. The strain RW has been initially presented in group B5 in the initial classification of mumps virus SH genotypes (2) and after that was reported as genotype D (20,26) or lately as an outlier (10,30).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification of Mumps Virus Genotypes from Clinical Samples: Standardized Method of Analysis

et al. 2005

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“…10,11 Detection of viral RNA from oral fluids samples by RT-PCR was carried out at National Institute of Health (INSA) in Lisbon and Health Protection Agency (HPA) in London, UK.…”

Section: Laboratory Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mumps Outbreak among Highly Vaccinated Teenagers and Children in the Central Region of Portugal, 2012-2013

et al. 2015

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Results: Over six months, 148 outbreak-related cases were reported: 87.8% occurred in three of the 16 affected counties and 78.4% had a known epidemiological link. Median age was 14.5 years (2-62) and 70.3% were 11-20 years old; 61.5% were male. The mean duration of disease was seven days (2-20). The disease was generally mild; 80.4% had fever and in 55.4% there was unilateral involvement of the parotid gland. Seven cases had orchitis, one oophoritis and one had nephritis. Two cases were hospitalized. School transmission predominated and class attack rates were < 30%. Most of the cases occurred in vaccinated individuals (92%) of whom 86.8% had received 2 doses; 17.7% had received one dose of the vaccine containing the Rubini strain. Mumps virus genotype G was identified in 4 cases. Discussion: This mumps outbreak among a highly vaccinated population, occurring mostly in teenagers at school, could be due to the partial effectiveness of the vaccine against the disease (particularly in the group vaccinated with Rubini strain), waning immunity overtime and genotype mismatch.Conclusions: This outbreak report shows the importance of discussion about the need of more booster dose of the actual vaccine or new vaccine including more genotypes to improve immunogenicity.

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Genetic Diversity of Mumps Virus in Oral Fluid Specimens: Application to Mumps Epidemiological Study

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Circulation of Mumps Virus Genotypes in Spain from 1996 to 2007

Circulation of Mumps Virus Genotypes in Spain from 1996 to 2007

Molecular Identification of Mumps Virus Genotypes from Clinical Samples: Standardized Method of Analysis

Mumps Outbreak among Highly Vaccinated Teenagers and Children in the Central Region of Portugal, 2012-2013

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