Genetic Diversity of Nine Populations of the Black Goat (Capra hircus) in Sichuan, PR China

The Agouti gene plays an important role in pigment synthesis in domestic animals. A transversion of 423G[T recognized by BanII was found after a fragment (178 bp) of the goat Agouti gene exon 4 was amplified and sequenced. To investigate its genetic effect and diversity, 677 individuals from 12 indigenous Chinese goat breeds and one imported goat breed from South Africa (Boer goat) were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Two alleles, T and G, and three genotypes, TT, TG, and GG, were detected. Allele T had a higher frequency in most goat breeds and, combined with the coat color phenotype, is believed to be responsible for the black phenotype or to be linked with the causative site in the goat. The results also indicate that the 423G[T transversion showed lower genetic diversity in goat breeds with black coat color in China. Genetic differentiation among the 13 goat populations was 0.2023. The clustering of populations based on the 423G[T site was basically consistent with the variation of coat color.

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“…The genetic differentiation index of the six tested black breeds was only 0.0797, which was much lower than 0.2766 (Li et al 2006).…”

Section: Lower Genetic Diversity Of 423g[t and Its Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 59%

Variation of 423G>T in the Agouti Gene Exon 4 in Indigenous Chinese Goat Breeds

Tang

Zhou

et al. 2008

Biochem Genet

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“…A total of 640 sequences from Wood & Phua (1996);Hiendleder et al (1998); Guo et al 2005, Pedrosa et al 2005, Meadows et al 2005, and Tapio et al 2006 were used for sheep. A total of 1813 sequences from Luikart et al (2001), Sultana et al 2003, Joshi et al 2004, Azor et al 2005, Chen et al 2005, Odahara et al 2006, Pereira et al 2005, Li et al 2006, Sardina et al 2006, and Liu et al 2007 were used for goats. The letters A, B, C, etc.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are cattle, sheep, and goats endangered species?

Taberlet¹,

Valentini²,

Rezaei³

et al. 2007

Molecular Ecology

247

240

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For about 10 000 years, farmers have been managing cattle, sheep, and goats in a sustainable way, leading to animals that are well adapted to the local conditions. About 200 years ago, the situation started to change dramatically, with the rise of the concept of breed. All animals from the same breed began to be selected for the same phenotypic characteristics, and reproduction among breeds was seriously reduced. This corresponded to a strong fragmentation of the initial populations. A few decades ago, the selection pressures were increased again in order to further improve productivity, without enough emphasis on the preservation of the overall genetic diversity. The efficiency of modern selection methods successfully increased the production, but with a dramatic loss of genetic variability. Many industrial breeds now suffer from inbreeding, with effective population sizes falling below 50. With the development of these industrial breeds came economic pressure on farmers to abandon their traditional breeds, and many of these have recently become extinct as a result. This means that genetic resources in cattle, sheep, and goats are highly endangered, particularly in developed countries. It is therefore important to take measures that promote a sustainable management of these genetic resources; first, by in situ preservation of endangered breeds; second, by using selection programmes to restore the genetic diversity of industrial breeds; and finally, by protecting the wild relatives that might provide useful genetic resources.

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“…As the biggest province in south part of China (488,000 square kilometers), there are 9 black goat breeds in this area and Jintang Black goat is a famous meat goat breed in Sichuan (Li et al, 2006;Horisawa et al, 2009). Historical literature indicates that the history of black goat farming in Sichuan province can date back about to 4000 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%