Genetic diversity of phytoplasmas: research status and prospects

Yu, Shao-Shuai; Xu, Qicong; Lin, Cai-li; Wang, Shengjie; Tian, Guozhong

doi:10.17520/biods.2015127

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The results showed that the established ddPCR method was reliable for quantitative detection of AYL phytoplasma, with relatively good effect. The tuf gene is a functional protein coding gene and a relatively conserved sequence in the phytoplasma which plays an important role in protein translation and evolution of phytoplasma (Koui et al, 2003; Lai et al, 2014; Lee et al, 2000; Schneider et al, 1997; Yu et al, 2016,b, 2017, 2018). In the study, the tuf gene was used as a diagnostic assay for AYL phytoplasma for the first time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, a ddPCR detection system for AYL phytoplasma belonging to 16SrI group, and associated with AYL disease in Hainan Province of China, was developed based on the tuf gene sequence. The tuf gene is a conserved gene in phytoplasmas and has been widely used in the detection, identification and study of genetic variation of phytoplasmas (Koui, Natsuaki, & Okuda, 2003; Lee, Davis, & Gundersen‐Rindal, 2000; Schneider, Gibb, & Seemüller, 1997; Wang et al, 2010; Wang et al, 2017; Yu et al, 2016,b, 2017, 2018). Early detection of the AYL phytoplasma using developed ddPCR system can assist in managing the disease by cutting the transmission route of AYL phytoplasma from the source, effectively preventing the spread and epidemic of phytoplasma and its related diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate and sensitive detection of areca palm yellow leaf phytoplasma in China by droplet digital PCR targeting tuf gene sequence

Zhang

Song

et al. 2022

Annals of Applied Biology

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Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a method for qualitative and quantitative detections of nucleic acid molecules with high sensitivity. In this study, a ddPCR detection system for areca palm yellow leaf (AYL) phytoplasma was developed using the primers Atf/Atr and probe AtProbe, which were designed based on the tuf gene of the phytoplasma. AYL phytoplasma-infected samples were collected from different regions in Hainan Province of China and the concentration distribution of AYL phytoplasma in the samples was detected and analysed by the ddPCR detection system. The results indicated that the phytoplasma was significantly detected in the AYL sample with the primers Atf/Atr and the probe AtProbe in ddPCR, and the number of droplets generated in each ddPCR reaction system was more than 10,000, indicating that the absolute quantitative results were reliable. Using the ddPCR assay for AYL phytoplasma, the phytoplasma was detected in the AYL samples collected from different regions such as Ding'an, Sanya, Tunchang, Wenchang and Wanning counties in Hainan Province of China. The lowest concentration of AYL phytoplasma that was detected by ddPCR method was 0.07 copies Á μl À1 . Compared with LAMP detection, the sensitivity of ddPCR detection was improved about 1,000 times better. The concentration distribution of the AYL phytoplasma in the same leaf from the same diseased areca palm was significantly uneven (p < 0.05). The ddPCR detection system established based on the tuf gene of phytoplasma in the study would be valuable for the qualitative and quantitative detections of AYL phytoplasma, and it will also assist in the study of the epidemiology and management of the disease.areca palm yellow leaf disease, droplet digital PCR, molecular detection, phytoplasma, tuf gene | INTRODUCTIONPhytoplasmas are prokaryotic pathogens that parasitize the phloem of plants and cannot be cultured in vitro (Doi, Teranaka, Yora, & Asuyama, 1967). Areca palm (Areca catechu L.) is an evergreen tree belonging to the palm family, with high medicinal and economic value.Areca palm yellow leaf (AYL) disease associated with a phytoplasma is a devastating disease of areca palm. AYL diseases have been reported

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate and sensitive detection of areca palm yellow leaf phytoplasma in China by droplet digital PCR targeting tuf gene sequence

Zhang

Song

et al. 2022

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…Among them, jujube witches'-broom, mulberry dwarf, paulownia witches' -broom, wheat blue dwarf are widely distributed and have caused serious damaged in China. SCWL disease, rice orange leaf disease, cherry lethal yellow, groundnut witches' broom, and areca nut yellow leaf disease, are distributed in some areas in China (Zhang et al, 1995;Mou et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2016;Song et al, 2018) (Table 1).…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diversity, Distribution and Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in China

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Phytoplasmas are important prokaryotic pathogenic bacteria without cell walls, which were formerly known as mycoplasma-like organisms, and belong to the Mollicutes class, Candidatus Phytoplasma genus. They are widely distributed in plants and insects, and can cause serious diseases in important food crops, vegetables, fruit trees, ornamental plants and trees, resulting in huge economic losses. To date, more than 100 phytoplasma diseases have been reported in China, which are distributed throughout the country. Jujube witches'-broom, paulownia witches'-broom, wheat blue dwarf, banana bunchy top, sugarcane white leaf, rice orange leaf and mulberry dwarf represent the phytoplasma diseases causing the most serious damage in China. New phytoplasma diseases and their strains are being reported continuously, indicating that phytoplasmas are more diverse than previously thought. Phytoplasmas are mainly transmitted by insect vectors, such as leafhopper and planthopper, and can also be spread by grafting or Cuscuta australis (known as dodder). Mixed infections of phytoplasmas and viruses, bacteria, and spiroplasmas have also become a serious problem in several crops and are responsible for more synergistic losses. With the continuous development and improvement of technology, molecular biological detection has become the main technique for phytoplasma detection and identification. Currently, research on phytoplasma diseases in China mainly focuses on pathogen identification and classification, and insect vector and host diversity; however, there is less focus on pathogenicity, comparative genomics, and effect factors. More research attention has been paid to wheat blue dwarf phytoplasma, paulownia witches'-broom phytoplasma, jujube witches'-broom phytoplasma, and sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma. Other phytoplasma diseases have been reported; however, there have been no in-depth studies. In this paper, the history and present situation of phytoplasma research, and the status, distribution, and diversity of phytoplasma diseases are summarized, and some possible research directions of phytoplasma in the future in China are proposed.

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Tettigoniella viridis and Clovia conifer are potential insect vectors of sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma

Wang

Cang

et al. 2021

Trop. plant pathol.

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Genetic diversity of phytoplasmas: research status and prospects

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Accurate and sensitive detection of areca palm yellow leaf phytoplasma in China by droplet digital PCR targeting tuf gene sequence

Accurate and sensitive detection of areca palm yellow leaf phytoplasma in China by droplet digital PCR targeting tuf gene sequence

The Diversity, Distribution and Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in China

Tettigoniella viridis and Clovia conifer are potential insect vectors of sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma

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