Genetic Diversity of Saccostrea forskali Rock Oyster in the Gulf of Thailand

Krabuansang, Kullapat; Swatdipong, Akarapong; Samipak, Sompid; Beckles, Diane M.

doi:10.14416/j.asep.2020.03.001

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…During our first survey of the KPE population after the COVID‐19 travel restrictions were lifted, conducted between July 11 and 16, 2022, two adult males were observed for the first time using stones as tools to open oysters. The island's seashore is covered mainly with rock oysters ( Saccostrea forskali ; Krabuansang et al, 2020) attached to the rock outcrop. Stone pebbles suitable for stone tool use were widely abundant along the shore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of COVID‐19 on the emergence of stone‐tool use behavior in a population of common long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) in Thailand

Muhammad,

Kaikaew,

Panjan

et al. 2023

American J Primatol

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Stone tool use is a rare behavior across nonhuman primates. Here we report the first population of common long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) who customarily used stone tools to open rock oysters (Saccostrea forskali) on a small island along the Thai Gulf in Koh Ped (KPE), eastern Thailand. We observed this population several times during the past 10 years, but no stone‐tool use behavior was observed until our survey during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in July 2022. KPE is located in Pattaya City, a hotspot for tourism in Thailand. Tourists in this area frequently provided large amounts of food for the monkeys on KPE. During the COVID‐19 curfew, however, tourists were not allowed to access the island, and monkeys began to face food scarcity. During this time, we observed stone‐tool use behavior for the first time on KPE. Based on our observations, the first tool manipulation was similar to stone throwing (a known precursor of stone tool use). From our observations in March 2023, we found 17 subadult/adult animals performing the behavior, 15 of 17 were males and mostly solitary while performing the behavior. The M. f. fascicularis subspecies was confirmed by distribution, morphological characteristics, and mtDNA and SRY gene sequences. Taken together, we proposed that the stone tool use behavior in the KPE common long‐tailed macaques emerged due to the COVID‐19 food scarcity. Since traveling is no longer restricted many tourists have started coming back to the island, and there is a high risk for this stone tool‐use behavior to disappear within this population of long‐tailed macaques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of COVID‐19 on the emergence of stone‐tool use behavior in a population of common long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) in Thailand

Muhammad,

Kaikaew,

Panjan

et al. 2023

American J Primatol

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“…Marine sources have been demonstrated to be the raw materials of bioactive compounds with numerous health benefits and high level of biodiversity. In these recent years, extensive studies have been conducted to investigate biological activities, nutritional value, and potential health benefits of marine based bioactive substances [7][8]. Marine living organisms produced biological compounds, especially sulfated polysaccharides with anticoagulant, antithrombotic activities [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Enzyme Assisted Extraction of Chondroitin Sulfate from Bohadschia argus by Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2021

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Chondroitin sulfate is currently one of the bioactive compounds obtained from different natural materials with high benefit in human medical treatment and pharmaceutical. However, the natural concentration of chondroitin sulfate in high cost raw material is low and this situation makes the commercialization become difficult. This study focused on production of chondroitin sulfate isolated from Bohadschia argus using enzyme-assisted extraction methodology. Optimization experiments were conducted based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Box–Behnken design (BBD). Three important extraction parameters, including enzyme concentration (X1: 0.05-0.5 %), Time (X2: 0.25–3 h), and temperature (X3: 55–65 °C) were varied to obtain maximum chondroitin sulfate yields. The RSM optimized model obtained from statistical analysis presented the high correlation coefficiency (R2) at 0.7508, advocating the significance of the model. The optimum extraction conditions were selected as enzyme concentration of 0.48% with extraction time of 1.01 h. at an extraction temperature of 56.53°C. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of chondroitin sulfate was 415.59 mg/100g dry, which is in good agreement with the value predicted by the model.

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Genetic Diversity of Saccostrea forskali Rock Oyster in the Gulf of Thailand

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of COVID‐19 on the emergence of stone‐tool use behavior in a population of common long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) in Thailand

Influence of COVID‐19 on the emergence of stone‐tool use behavior in a population of common long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) in Thailand

Optimization of Enzyme Assisted Extraction of Chondroitin Sulfate from Bohadschia argus by Response Surface Methodology

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