Genetic diversity of the crustacean parasite Hematodinium (Alveolata, Syndinea)

Hamilton, Kristina M.; Morritt, David; Shaw, Paul W.

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2009.10.002

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In that study, peaks of prevalence were in winter and spring. In the present study and also in Hamilton et al (2010), infection intensity was not recorded in individual hosts. However, we did use 4 diagnostic tests with a wide range of sensitivities on each N. norvegicus individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In addition, the PCR assays found even more infections in all seasons that were undetected by ELISA. Using PCR tests comparable in sensitivity to those used in the present study, Hamilton et al (2010) de tected summer He ma todinium pre valences as high as 25% in numerous sympatric decapod species from the CSA (exclusive of N. norvegicus). In that study, peaks of prevalence were in winter and spring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hematodinium infection seasonality in the Firth of Clyde (Scotland) Nephrops norvegicus population: a re-evaluation

Beevers¹,

Kilbride²,

Atkinson³

et al. 2012

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Hematodinium infections in Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus from the Clyde Sea area (CSA) population, Scotland, UK, have previously been undetected in summer. This study aimed to establish if the CSA is actually devoid of infected N. norvegicus in this season. Two PCR assays, an ELISA and 2 tests that detect only patent infection (pleopod and body colour methods) were applied in a 21 mo study. Patent infection was seasonal, appearing predominantly in spring, while subpatent infection diagnosed by ELISA and PCR was highly prevalent in all seasons. Generalised linear modelling supported this assertion, as sampling in September and February significantly increased the probability of finding infected N. norvegicus (p < 0.01); infections were predominantly subpatent and patent respectively, at these times. Therefore, Hematodinium seasonality in N. norvegicus populations is likely to have been an artefact of insensitive diagnostic tests. Light Hematodinium infections were found using PCR assays when patent infections were at their most prevalent and intense, suggesting that infection develops at different rates in different N. norvegicus individuals and that only a portion of the total number of infected N. norvegicus die within a single year. These new data were added to a long-term data series for the CSA (1990CSA ( to 2008, which showed that after an initial 5 yr epidemic period, prevalence stabilised at 20 to 25%. Comparisons with 'susceptible-infected-recovered/removed' (SIR) models suggest that this high prevalence is maintained through high birth rates of susceptible host N. norvegicus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematodinium infection seasonality in the Firth of Clyde (Scotland) Nephrops norvegicus population: a re-evaluation

Beevers¹,

Kilbride²,

Atkinson³

et al. 2012

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…The present study is the first report that different Hematodinium phylogroups (Clades A and B) can be found in a single host species. Hamilton et al (2010) suggested a host and geographically related distribution of Clade B Hematodinium sp. ITS1 sequences and generated a phylogenetic tree consisting of 3 subclades: NE Atlantic langustines (N. norvegicus), NE Atlantic crabs (Carcinus maenas and Cancer pagurus), and an all NE and NW Atlantic host species subclade.…”

Section: Sequence Comparison and Evolutionary Divergencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different Hematodinium genotypes were related to different host species (Small et al 2007b, Hamilton et al 2010, Jensen et al 2010) and geographical regions (Hamilton et al 2010). It is also clear, however, that a single Hematodinium genotype may infect more than one host species (Hamilton et al 2007, Small et al 2007a, Jensen et al 2010.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sequence similarities were calculated as percentages of identical bases. Evolutionary distances between ITS1 sequences obtained in the present study and sequences taken from GenBank (Clade B as defined by Jensen et al 2010, and sequences from each subclade defined by Hamilton et al 2010) were estimated with an alignment of 13 sequences (4 obtained in the present study and 9 taken from GenBank) using MEGA4 (Tamura et al 2007), whereby positions containing gaps were eliminated from the data set. There were a total of 289 positions in the final alignment (excluding gap-containing positions).…”

Section: Samples Of Chionoecetes Opilio and Hyas Araneusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hematodinium sp. (Alveolata, Syndinea) detected in marine decapod crustaceans from waters of Denmark and Greenland

Eigemann

Burmeister²,

Skovgaard³

2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Five decapod crustacean species were examined for presence of the parasitic dinoflagellate Hematodinium spp. (Alveolata, Syndinea) by morphological methods (colour and pleopod methods) as well as by PCR and nested PCR with Hematodinium-specific primers. Nephrops norvegicus, Pagurus bernhardus and Liocarcinus depurator were sampled by trawling in Danish waters and Chionoecetes opilio and Hyas araneus were sampled by trapping off the west coast of Greenland. The existence of Hematodinium has not previoiusly been documented in Danish waters, but it was detected in all 3 decapod species examined in the present study. Hematodinium sp. was also detected for the first time in H. araneus and the existence of Hematodinium sp. in Greenlandic C. opilio was documented by PCR. Analyses of 26 Hematodinium sp. ITS1 sequences, including sequences from all 5 host species sampled, revealed more than 95% sequence similarity between 24 of the sequences. Two Hematodinium sp. ITS1 sequences from C. opilio were only 81% similar to the 24 other ITS1 sequences. The nested PCR approach resulted in the highest reported percentages of positive samples for Hematodinium sp.in the hosts investigated (between 45 and 87.5%). However, no decapods were found to be infected with Hematodinium sp. based on morphological methods. Consequently, Hematodinium sp. may be more common than previously believed, and, assuming that the DNA found originated from viable and infectious parasite cells, infections may not always be fatal. We suggest that the hosts investigated may have been subject to latent infections that could develop into a fatal disease only if the hosts were physiologically stressed due to other factors. KEY WORDS: Hematodinium · Latent infections · ITS1 · Parasitic dinoflagellates · PCR detection Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 92: [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] 2010 dinium sequences may warrant species status (Small et al. 2007b,c, Jensen et al. 2010. Different Hematodinium genotypes were related to different host species (Small et al. 2007b, Hamilton et al. 2010, Jensen et al. 2010) and geographical regions (Hamilton et al. 2010). It is also clear, however, that a single Hematodinium genotype may infect more than one host species (Hamilton et al. 2007, Small et al. 2007a, Jensen et al. 2010. However, so far only one other species of Hematodinium has been formally described, namely H. australis, which was described on the basis of morphology, host species, and austral location (Hudson & Shields 1994).In some host species, advanced infections lead to a discoloration of the carapace from reddish-brown to a reddish 'cooked' appearance (e.g. in Nephrops norvegicus and Chionoecetes opilio) and this may be used for detection of the disease (colour method; Meyers et al. 1987, Field et al. 1992. Rapid logarithmic growth of parasitic cells in the host's haemolymph causes a colour change from bluish-transparent to milky-white (e.g. Shields & Squyars 2000) and aggregat...

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A Review of Molecular Approaches for Investigating Patterns of Coevolution in Marine Host–Parasite Relationships

Froeschke¹,

Heyden²

2014

Advances in Parasitology

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Genetic diversity of the crustacean parasite Hematodinium (Alveolata, Syndinea)

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Hematodinium infection seasonality in the Firth of Clyde (Scotland) Nephrops norvegicus population: a re-evaluation

Hematodinium infection seasonality in the Firth of Clyde (Scotland) Nephrops norvegicus population: a re-evaluation

Hematodinium sp. (Alveolata, Syndinea) detected in marine decapod crustaceans from waters of Denmark and Greenland

A Review of Molecular Approaches for Investigating Patterns of Coevolution in Marine Host–Parasite Relationships

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