Genetic diversity of the ORF5 gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) genotypes I and II in Thailand

Nilubol, Dachrit; Tripipat, Thitima; Hoonsuwan, Tawatchai; Tipsombatboon, Pavita; Piriyapongsa, Jittima

doi:10.1007/s00705-012-1573-7

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Such amino acid divergence among the Taiwan strains could affect the cross-protection among Taiwan strains. This speculation is supported by the findings of a negative correlation between divergence of GP5 and activity of neutralizing antibody [31]. These antigenic variations were also most likely driven by the positive selection imposed by the use of MLV (see above).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…This strain has 99 % similarity in its ORF5 gene to an exotic PRRSV-3925 strain (DQ477911) that originated in the USA, suggesting that it did not evolve from the WSV strain but rather represents a newly invading strain in Taiwan. This international spread has also occurred in the USA [36], Thailand [30,31] and Japan [11], revealing that transnational transmission of PRRSV is still taking place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Phylogenetic tree of the open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene of Taiwanese PRRSV strains analyzed by the maximum-likelihood method and the neighbor-joining method with 1,000 replicates of bootstrap analysis. The classification of lineages was based on the genetic distance, with isolates diverging by more than 10 % from neighboring lineages divided into separate lineages [31]. The strains indicated by circles and triangles are Taiwanese strains of lineages I, V and VI, respectively…”

Section: Amino Acid Sequence Analysis Of Gp5 Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetic analysis of the aligned sequences was performed by the maximum-likelihood method and the neighbor-joining method, and by bootstrap analysis with 1,000 replicates using the MEGA 5.2 software [38]. The classification of lineages was based on the genetic distance, with sequences diverging more than 10 % from neighboring lineages divided into separate lineages [31].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ORF2a, 2b, 3, 4, 5a, 5, 6, and 7 encode seven structural proteins GP2, E, GP3, GP4, GP5, M and N, respectively. ORF5, encoding GP5, is one of the most variable regions of the PRRSV genome and is thus often used for phylogenetic analysis [11,31,42,44]. In addition, nsp2 is considered an important region for studying the genetic variation and epidemiological evolution of PRRSV [4,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses isolated from 1991 to 2013 in Taiwan

et al. 2015

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was first identified in Taiwan in 1991, but the genetic diversity and evolution of PRRSV has not been thoroughly investigated over the past 20 years. The aim of this study was to bridge the gap in understanding of its molecular epidemiology. A total of 31 PRRSV strains were collected and sequenced. The sequences were aligned using the MUSCLE program, and phylogenetic analysis were performed by the maximum-likelihood method and the neighbor-joining method using MEGA 5.2 software. In the early 1990s, two prototype strains, WSV and MD001 of the North American genotype, were first identified. Over the years, both viruses evolved separately. The population dynamics of PRRSV revealed that the strains of the MD001 group were predominant in Taiwan. Evolution was manifested in changes in the nsp2 and ORF5 genes. In addition, a suspected newly invading exotic strain was recovered in 2013, suggesting that international spread is still taking place and that it is affecting the population dynamics. Overall, the results provide an important basis for vaccine development for the control and prevention of PRRS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amino Acid Sequence Analysis Of Gp5 Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses isolated from 1991 to 2013 in Taiwan

et al. 2015

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Dynamics and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ORF5 following modified live PRRSV vaccination in a PRRSV-infected herd

et al. 2013

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The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ORF5 following the use of a modified live PRRSV (MLV) vaccine. A PRRSV-positive farm with coexistence of types 1 and 2 and no history of MLV vaccination was investigated. Vaccination with a type 2 MLV (Ingelvac PRRS MLV, Boehringer Ingelheim, USA) was implemented. All sows were vaccinated at monthly intervals for two consecutive months and then every third month. Piglets were vaccinated once at 7-10 days of age and weaned to nursery facilities at 21-23 days of age. Serum samples were collected monthly before and after vaccination from four population groups, including replacement gilts and suckling, nursery and finishing pigs, and assayed by PCR. After a year of blood collection, amplified products were sequenced, resulting in 277 complete ORF5 gene sequences from 145 type 1 and 132 type 2 isolates. Prior to and following vaccination, both type 1 and type 2 PRRSV were isolated and found to coexist in an individual pig. Each genotype evolved separately without influencing the strain development of the other. Although the substitution rates of both genotypes were relatively similar, MLV vaccination appears to increase the heterogenicity of type 2 PRRSV, resulting in the emergence of three novel type 2 PRRSV clusters in the herd, including an MLV-like cluster, which disappeared within the month following whole-herd vaccination. Two additional clusters included one related to the MLV vaccine and one related to the endemic cluster of the herd.

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Humoral immune responses and viral shedding following vaccination with modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines

et al. 2016

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The antibody response and pattern of shedding of vaccine virus following vaccination with modified live genotype I or II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccines (MLVs) were investigated. Ninety PRRSV-free pigs were divided randomly seven, groups including the NEG, EU1, EU2, US1, US2, US3 and US4 groups. The NEG group was unvaccinated. The EU1, EU2, US1, US2, US3 and US4 groups were vaccinated with the following MLVs: AMERVAC PRRS, Porcillis PRRS, Fostera™ PRRS, Ingelvac PRRS MLV, Ingelvac PRRS ATP, and PrimePac™ PRRS+ , respectively. Sera were quantitatively assayed for viral RNA using qPCR. Antibody responses were measured using Idexx ELISA and serum neutralization (SN). Shedding of vaccine virus was investigated using sentinel pigs and by detection of viral RNA in tonsil scrapings. Antibody responses were detected by ELISA at 7-14 days post-vaccination (DPV) and persisted at high titers until 84 DPV in all MLV groups. The SN titers were delayed and isolate-specific. SN titers were higher for the homologous virus than for heterologous viruses. Age-matched sentinel pigs introduced into the EU2, US2 and US3 groups at 60 DPV seroconverted. In contrast, sentinel pigs introduced at 84 DPV remained negative in all of the MLV groups. Vaccine viral RNA was detected in tonsil scrapings from the EU2, US2 and US3 groups at 84-90 DPV. No viral RNA was detected beyond 70 DPV in the EU1, US1 and US4 groups. In conclusion, all MLV genotypes induced rapid antibody responses, which were measured using ELISA. The development of SN antibodies was delayed and isolate-specific. However, the shedding pattern was variable and depended on the by virus isolate used to manufacture the vaccine.

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Genetic diversity of the ORF5 gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) genotypes I and II in Thailand

Cited by 37 publications

References 32 publications

Molecular epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses isolated from 1991 to 2013 in Taiwan

Molecular epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses isolated from 1991 to 2013 in Taiwan

Dynamics and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ORF5 following modified live PRRSV vaccination in a PRRSV-infected herd

Humoral immune responses and viral shedding following vaccination with modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines

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