Genetic Diversity of the Prolactin Gene in Three Indonesian Ducks

Abstract

The Prolactin gene is a candidate gene associated with egg production due to its crucial role in the production and reproduction of poultry. This study aimed to identify the polymorphisms of the prolactin gene in Indonesian local duck breeds. For that purpose, three duck breeds, namely Bayang (n= 25), Turi (n= 26), and Magelang (n= 14), were used for genotyping of the prolactin gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and direct sequencing method. The primers used were primer forward: 5'-TGCAAACCATAAAAGAAAAGA-3' and reverse: 5'-CAATGAAAAGTGGCAAAGCAA-3'. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 4 of the prolactin gene were detected: C5796A and T5817C. The frequencies of the 5796C (0.85) and 5817T (0.85) alleles were highest in the total population. For the C5796A locus, the CC genotype had the highest frequency (0.69), followed by CA (0.31), without AA genotype. For the T5817C, the TT genotype had the highest frequency (0.69), followed by TC (0.31), without CC genotype. The genotype frequency distributions in all breeds at every locus were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Future studies could further expand the effect of the SNPs in the prolactin gene on economically essential traits, especially egg production in ducks.