Genetic Diversity of Tulipa Suaveolens Roth Populations in Volgograd Province

Abstract

Background. The current natural habitat of Tulipa suaveolens Roth rapidly decreases. In order to work out the strategy of the species’ preservation, evaluation of its intraand interpopulation polymorphism is required.Materials and methods. Molecular-genetic ISSR markers were used to analyze 125 samples from 10 populations of T. suaveolens occurring in Volgograd Province and 4 populations from Saratov Province.Results. ISSR analysis revealed high intrapopulation polymorphism (73–89%) in T. suaveolens populations form Volgograd Province. AMOVA attributed the largest proportion of variability (74.3%) to intrapopulation polymorphism. Interpopulation differences account for 25.7%. Total subdivision of populations (FST) was 0.257; total gene flow (Nm) between populations was 0.723. According to Bayesian analysis and clustering with both UPGMA and Neighbor Joining methods, all the studied T. suaveolens samples from Volgograd Province make up a large genetic group: within that group none of the potential subgroups may be associated with a particular place of collecting. The NewHybrids software was applied, and the results pointed to the hybrid nature of most samples. Samples of three populations from Saratov Province made up a separate genetic group; those samples fell under the category of parent forms.Conclusion. Considering that genetic subdivision of T. suaveolens populations within the administrative borders of Volgograd Province is insignificant, while all the province’s natural parks and a number of protected natural areas undertake measures to preserve the species, the existing conservation strategy may be recognized as effective and sufficient.

ISSR analysis of Tulipa suaveolens (Liliaceae) populations from throughout the European part of the species range reveal genetic patterns shaped by Pleistocene transgressions of the Caspian Sea

“…The biogeographical pattern of the distribution of the genetic groups is congruent with the distribution of populations in the north-east of the European range revealed in our earlier studies (Kashin et al 2016, Kritskaya andKashin 2019). Based on these results, we conclude that, in the Crimean Mountains, the north-western and northern Caucasus, the Medveditsa Yars, the Kalachyov, Yergin and Volga Uplands, the Donets Ridge, the Common and Stone Szyrts and the Szyrt Plain (near the Stone Szyrt) -i.e.…”

“…Prior to the present research, we published the results of our ISSR analysis of T. suaveolens populations located in the northeast of the European part of the species range (Kashin et al 2016, Kritskaya andKashin 2019). In this paper, we included populations located to the east and south-west of the ones examined earlier, which allowed us to investigate the geographical pattern of T. suaveolens genetic polymorphism in its whole European range.…”

“…The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out in a Mastercycler gradient amplifier with 10 ISSR primers from the 'Sintol' company that were pre-selected for T. suaveolens (Kashin et al 2016, Kritskaya andKashin 2019). The PCR was performed in 20 µl reaction volumes.…”

“…However, the study showed low phylogenetic resolution due to the low variability of the DNA regions used. Consequently, many studies have suggested that RAPD (Qi-fu et al 2008), ISSR (Kiani et al 2012, Kashin et al 2016, Kritskaya and Kashin 2019, SNP (Tang et al ISSR analysis of Tulipa suaveolens (Liliaceae) populations from throughout the European part of the species range reveal genetic patterns shaped by Pleistocene transgressions of the Caspian Sea Tatyana A. Kritskaya, Alexander S. Kashin, Nadezhda A. Petrova and Mathias Leweke 2013) and EST-SSR markers (Pourkhaloee et al 2017(Pourkhaloee et al , 2018 would be more efficient for the study of the genetic diversity of Tulipa species.…”

“…We have previously used ISSR markers to study the genetic variability of a number of T. suaveolens populations (Kashin et al 2016, Kritskaya andKashin 2019); however, in order to avoid mistakes resulting from multiple comparisons of populations, these studies were limited to the Lower and Middle Volga regions. Nevertheless, even in that small territory, we managed to reveal several T. suaveolens genetic groups that showed a a clear cut geographical pattern (Kashin et al 2016) coinciding with the boundaries of the Early Khvalynian transgression of the Caspian Sea.…”