Genetic diversity within isolates of mutans streptococci recognized by an rRNA gene probe

Saarela, Maria; Alaluusua, Satu; Takei, T; Asikainen, Sirkka

doi:10.1128/jcm.31.3.584-587.1993

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar observations, mainly involving the primary dentition, have been reported for shorter observation periods (14,16,28). Longitudinal stability of ms genotypes has been reported in adults over a 2-to 5-yr follow-up (16,29), a finding corroborated by our own observations in mothers who were re-examined after 5-9 yr. Nevertheless, a bidirectional turnover of ms genotypes in children was also noted during the observation period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Longitudinal study of intrafamilial mutans streptococci ribotypes

Köhler

Lundberg

Birkhed

et al. 2003

European J Oral Sciences

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To explore the intrafamilial homology and longitudinal stability of colonization by early acquired mutans streptococci, genomic fingerprinting was performed on 254 strains (192 Streptococcus mutans and 62 Streptococcus sobrinus strains) collected from 16 families (16 mother-child pairs, seven fathers and four siblings). Genomic DNA was digested by the restriction endonuclease HindIII, followed by gel electrophoresis, Southern blotting, and hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled 16S rDNA probe, and hybrid detection by enhanced chemiluminescence. One to five ribotypes were identified per person, and between two and nine (median five) within each family. Fourteen of the 16 mother-child pairs showed homology for at least one ribotype (range 1-4). Six of the seven father-child pairs had one ribotype in common. Ten of the 13 longitudinally examined children showed persistence of at least one ribotype over a period of up to 16 yr. The results support the notion of intrafamilial transfer of mutans streptococci, and suggest that colonization of early acquired strains persists into young adulthood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Longitudinal study of intrafamilial mutans streptococci ribotypes

Köhler

Lundberg

Birkhed

et al. 2003

European J Oral Sciences

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“…Among the earliest to be used was DNA fingerprinting, where endonucleases cleave the DNA into a unique but complex pattern of fragtnents, which can be atialysed by agarose gel electrophoresis and staining by ethidium bromide (34)(35)(36)(37), Other techniques are available, which produce less complex profiles of fragments and are easier to atialyse. These teehniques include pulsed gel electrophoresis (39) and ribotyping (40)(41)(42), Colonization of individuals by tnore than one clone of a species has been shown to be the ease for S. tnutans (34,43,44), S. mitis (37) and A. mteshmdii (45,46), CAUFIELD & WALKER (34) drew attention to the possibilities that genetic typing of S. tnutans tnight bring; measuring the extent of clonal diversity; de-termining the stability of clones in an individual; monitoring changes in clones over time; detecting any clones specifically associated with caries. These aspects of the biology of 5. mutans have obvious relationships with the coticept of the itidividuality of the mieroflora of a subject, monitoritig variations in the state of the organistn and possibly its association with caries.…”

Section: Diversity Within Orai Microbiai Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does assessment of microbial composition of plaque/saliva allow for diagnosis of disease activity of individuals?

Bowden

1997

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Microbiological tests are limited in their applicability in the assessment of caries activity and in caries prediction. They can be effective in group of persons with high or low caries experience. The reasons for the limitation of microbiological tests rests with unique characteristics of the microflora and local environments of the oral cavity, which will modify the cariogenicity of plaque in an individual. Thus, high numbers of S. mutans may be associated with the development of a lesion at a site, while a second susceptible site with high levels of this organism in the same subject will remain caries free. This paper identifies some aspects of oral bacteria which can contribute to the unique nature of the microflora associated with plaque in an individual. Firstly, the range of bacteria potentially involved in caries has widened and now includes, for example, 'low pH' non-mutans streptococci. The presence of such organisms in plaque in an individual may influence early enamel demineralization. Most significantly, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis and Actinomyces naeslundii have been shown to be comprise many distinct clones, with different distribution among subjects. Little is known of the impact of clonal diversity on caries activity but in some bacterial diseases particular clones are associated with virulence. Therefore, possession of a particular clone or clones by an individual could be related to caries activity. Also, the extent of clonal diversity may reflect the nature of the oral environment. Recent studies suggest that cells are released from biofilms, during adherence and growth, i.e. the early phases of development. Thus, determination of the numbers of a given species in non-stimulated saliva may indicate whether it is actively growing in plaque. Microbiological tests on the oral flora should perhaps be used to monitor the status of the oral cavity, after establishing a norm for the individual patient. Research on species and clonal diversity of oral bacteria among human populations; diversity and its role in the caries process; and the liberation of biofilm cells could provide data to allow better appreciation and evaluation of the results of microbiological testing.

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“…Taxonomic methods that uniquely identify strains of mutans streptococci are useful to ascertain both the prevalence of a certain genotype within a population as well as inferences concerning its mode of transmission. To date, various methods have been used, including plasmid DNA profiles (5,6,8), chromosomal DNA fingerprinting (7, 14,15) and ribotyping (21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting for the genotypic identification of mutans streptococci from humans

Caufield

1998

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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Determining whether two strains of bacteria are unique, identical or clonally related depends upon comparisons of phenotypic and/or genotypic traits. Individual isolates can then be grouped according to differences or similarities among those traits. One method of genotyping strains of bacteria is commonly referred to as chromosomal DNA fingerprinting. Previously, we generated chromosomal DNA fingerprints of mutans streptococci to study the transmission of this organism within families. Here, we developed and evaluated an arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) method for the genotypic characterization of mutans streptococci. Results were compared to those derived from the more conventional chromosomal DNA fingerprinting method. First, we showed that randomly selected clinical isolates displayed a unique banding profile by both methods; the mean similarity indices between DNA fragment patterns were 0.69 for chromosomal DNA fingerprinting and 0.74 for AP-PCR. This indicated that AP-PCR demonstrated less diversity than chromosomal DNA fingerprinting. Subsequently, we tested the agreement between chromosomal DNA fingerprinting and AP-PCR in determining genotypic similarities among 21 mutans streptococci strains obtained from 10 mother-child pairs, and 5 mutans streptococci strains from 5 fathers. The Kappa value for agreement was 0.88. We conclude that AP-PCR, which generates patterns of 8 to 12 amplicons, is capable of distinguishing strains of mutans streptococci among non-related individuals. Moreover, AP-PCR can discern both homogeneity and heterogeneity of mutans streptococci genotypes among mother and child pairs. Overall, we found that AP-PCR gave results comparable to those of chromosomal DNA fingerprinting.

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Genetic diversity within isolates of mutans streptococci recognized by an rRNA gene probe

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

Longitudinal study of intrafamilial mutans streptococci ribotypes

Longitudinal study of intrafamilial mutans streptococci ribotypes

Does assessment of microbial composition of plaque/saliva allow for diagnosis of disease activity of individuals?

Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting for the genotypic identification of mutans streptococci from humans

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