Genetic enhancement of grain iron and zinc content in pearl millet

Kedar, N.; Govindaraj, Mahalingam; Rao, A. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1757-837x.2012.00135.x

Cited by 105 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Of these, five progenies had high Fe (66-81 mg kg ) and high Zn (59-69 mg kg -1 ) density. Similar larger variability for these micronutrients was reported in pearl millet (Velu et al, 2008;Govindaraj et al, 2011Govindaraj et al, , 2016Rai et al, 2012). …”

supporting

confidence: 56%

Possible effect of threshing method on grain iron and zinc density estimation in pearl millet: a contribution to biofortification breeding

Govindaraj¹

2017

Electron. Journ. of Plan. Breed.

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In crop biofortification research, threshing part is the primary place of contamination while dealing with grain mineral traits such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) density, thus type of threshing operation is one of the important and effective factors for efficient grain mineral traits determination. This study is aimed at the effects of threshing methods namely power-operated single-head thresher and manual-hand threshing on Fe and Zn density estimation. In this context, 50 pearl millet progenies each from two broad-based populations (AIMP 92901 and ICMR 312) were evaluated in field condition and tested for machine and hand threshing. Grain samples were analyzed for Fe and Zn density using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical-Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. The analysis of variance showed the significant difference among population progenies for these micronutrients by recording two-fold variations for Fe (40-91 mg kg -1 ) and Zn (32-74 mg kg -1 ) density. Threshing method had significant effect, however, estimated Fe and Zn values from both the methods were highly comparable, further non-significant t-test and linear correlations-coefficients showed machine-threshed samples results were highly positively significantly correlated with hand-threshed samples values for both micronutrients (r=0.88 to 0.93; p<0.01 for Fe and r= 0.92 to 0.95; p<0.01 for Zn) in two populations. This study indicating the high levels of consistency on ranking of test entries and threshing method has no effect on grain Fe and Zn estimation. Therefore, singlehead thresher will be a reliable and faster method for large-number of breeding materials threshing and its grain micronutrient determination in pearl millet biofortification. Key wordsBiofortification; iron; pearl millet; threshing; zinc Pearl millet is an important climate-smart cereal and staple food in dry areas of Asia and Africa and grown on an area about >26 million ha, predominately in India (9 m ha). Dominant pearl millet cultivated areas in India are Rajasthan, Haryana, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh where majority of the populations relies upon pearl millet grain as a staple food and its fodder for animal husbandry (Yadav and Rai, 2013) and these states contributes a larger portion of total area (70%) and production (80%). Micronutrient malnutrition is primarily caused by inadequate intake of essential nutrients, particularly prevalent among resource poor families in the developing world, has emerged as a major health challenge where they mainly rely on cereal-based diet as staple food. India is home to a large number of undernourished people (18% of its population) in the world, where 42% of children (<3 years old) are underweight and 58% of them are stunted by two years of age (FAO/WFP/IFAD, 2012). Historically, pearl millet is well known for its total nutritional values but not all the released and commercialized cultivars (varieties and hybrids) has its unique nutritional levels as they were selectively bred for high yield potential with an average gr...

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confidence: 56%

Possible effect of threshing method on grain iron and zinc density estimation in pearl millet: a contribution to biofortification breeding

Govindaraj¹

2017

Electron. Journ. of Plan. Breed.

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“…Highest levels were found in well-adapted commercial varieties and also in a particular germplasm (Iniari). The significant correlation between pearl millet iron and zinc contents has subsequently been confirmed in several cultivation trials (Rai et al, 2012).…”

Section: Concerning Sorghum Cultivation Trials Of 29 Accessions In Tmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…ICRISAT is also leading a project to develop iron and zinc biofortified pearl millet through selection and conventional breeding (Rai et al, 2012;Saltzman et al, 2013) (Table 4).…”

Section: Concerning Sorghum Cultivation Trials Of 29 Accessions In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the utilisation of sorghum, millets and pseudocereals: Developments in the science of their phenolic phytochemicals, biofortification and protein functionality

Taylor

Belton

Beta

et al. 2014

Journal of Cereal Science

145

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There is considerable interest in sorghum, millets and pseudocereals for their phytochemical content, their nutritional potential and their use in gluten-free products. They are generally rich in a several phenolic phytochemicals. Research has indicated that the phenolics in these grains may have several important health-promoting properties: prevention and reduction of oxidative stress, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and cardiovascular disease prevention. However, increased research on the actual healthpromoting properties of foods made from these grains is required. Biofortified (macro-and micronutrient enhanced) sorghum and millets are being developed through conventional breeding and recombinant DNA technology to combat malnutrition in developing countries.Enhanced nutritional traits include: high amylopectin, high lysine, improved protein digestibility, provitamin A rich, high iron and zinc, and improved mineral bioavailability through phytate reduction. Some of these biofortified cereals also have good agronomic characteristics and useful commercial end-use attributes, which will be important to their adoption by farmers. Knowledge of the structure of their storage proteins is increasing.Drawing on research concerning maize zein, which shows that it can produce a visco-elastic wheat-like dough, it appears that the storage proteins of these minor grains also have this potential. Manipulation of protein β-sheet structure seems critical in this regard.3

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“…Large variability for both the micronutrients has been reported in advanced breeding lines, populations and parental lines of hybrids 38 . Using parental lines with high Fe, hybrids are being developed and tested by national and international programmes.…”

Section: Pearl Milletmentioning

confidence: 99%