Genetic, enzymatic and developmental alterations observed in Caiman latirostris exposed in ovo to pesticide formulations and mixtures in an experiment simulating environmental exposure

Poletta, Gisela Laura; Kleinsorge, E. C.; Paonessa, Adriana Monica; Mudry, Marta Dolores; Larriera, Alejandro; Siroski, Pablo Ariel

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.12.005

Cited by 71 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Our results regarding SVL and body weights show that exposure to RU has a negative effect on growth of these animals, in agreement with previous studies made under in ovo exposure (Poletta et al, 2011). The lack of significant difference in weight can be explained, in part, by the fact that length is a more conservative measure that commonly reflects long-term effects more clearly than weight, as the latter can fluctuate easily and with great variation among different individuals (Siroski, Personal Communication).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Existing data in our region related to C. latirostris has shown that Roundup Õ formulation and the mixture of Roundup Õ -Endosulfan-Cypermethrin formulations lead to lower growth of caimans at birth and during the first months of life, after in ovo exposure under similar conditions to those which may happen in natural environments near crops (Poletta et al, 2011). Our results regarding SVL and body weights show that exposure to RU has a negative effect on growth of these animals, in agreement with previous studies made under in ovo exposure (Poletta et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects ofin vivoexposure to Roundup® on immune system ofCaiman latirostris

Latorre

González

Larriera

et al. 2012

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Roundup Õ (RU, glyphosate-based formulation) on some parameters of the immune system and growth of Caiman latirostris. Seventy-two caimans (20-day-old) from Proyecto Yacaré (Gob. Santa Fe/MUPCN) were used. Two groups were exposed for 2 months to different concentrations of RU (11 or 21 mg/L; taking into account the concentration recommended for its application in the field), while one group was maintained as control. The RU concentration was progressively decreased through the exposure period to simulate glyphosate degradation in water. Animals were measured and weighed at the beginning and end of the experiment, and blood samples taken after exposure to determine total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts as well as total protein concentration (TPC), and for performing protein electrophoresis. The results showed that, compared against control hosts, there was a decrease in WBC counts, a higher percentage of heterophils, a higher TPC (with a low percentage of F2 protein fraction), and a negative effect on growth in the young caimans exposed to RU. These results demonstrate that in vivo exposure to RU induced alterations in the selected immune parameters, plasma proteins, and growth of caimans, thereby providing relevant information about the effects of this type of pesticide in this important species in the Argentinian wetlands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects ofin vivoexposure to Roundup® on immune system ofCaiman latirostris

Latorre

González

Larriera

et al. 2012

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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“…A second publication by Poletta et al (2011) described two field experiments evaluating caiman hatched from eggs in artificial nests that were sprayed with RoundupÔ Full II GBF. Increases in micronucleated erythrocyte frequency in hatchlings were reported for both experiments.…”

Section: Glyphosate-based Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of genotoxicity studies of glyphosate and glyphosate-based formulations

Kier

Kirkland²

2013

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

120

102

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An earlier review of the toxicity of glyphosate and the original Roundupä-branded formulation concluded that neither glyphosate nor the formulation poses a risk for the production of heritable/somatic mutations in humans. The present review of subsequent genotoxicity publications and regulatory studies of glyphosate and glyphosate-based formulations (GBFs) incorporates all of the findings into a weight of evidence for genotoxicity. An overwhelming preponderance of negative results in well-conducted bacterial reversion and in vivo mammalian micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays indicates that glyphosate and typical GBFs are not genotoxic in these core assays. Negative results for in vitro gene mutation and a majority of negative results for chromosomal effect assays in mammalian cells add to the weight of evidence that glyphosate is not typically genotoxic for these endpoints in mammalian systems. Mixed results were observed for micronucleus assays of GBFs in nonmammalian systems. Reports of positive results for DNA damage endpoints indicate that glyphosate and GBFs tend to elicit DNA damage effects at high or toxic dose levels, but the data suggest that this is due to cytotoxicity rather than DNA interaction with GBF activity perhaps associated with the surfactants present in many GBFs. Glyphosate and typical GBFs do not appear to present significant genotoxic risk under normal conditions of human or environmental exposures.

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“…CYP and END were analyzed by GC with the following conditions described in Poletta et al (2011). CYP determination was conducted following the AOAC Official Method 985.03 (AOAC 1995).…”

Section: Analytical Pesticide Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and differential white blood cell counts inCaiman latirostrisafterin ovoandin vivoexposure to insecticides

Latorre

Romito

Larriera

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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Agricultural activities associated mainly with soybean crops affect the natural environment and wildlife by habitat destruction and the extensive use of agrochemicals. The aim of this study was to evaluate immunotoxic effects of the insecticides cypermethrin (CYP) and endosulfan (END) in Caiman latirostris analyzing total blood cell count (TWBC) and differential white blood cell count (DWBC) after in ovo and in vivo exposure. Eggs (in ovo) and hatchlings (in vivo) from nests harvested in natural habitats were artificially incubated and reared under controlled conditions in the Proyecto Yacare (Gob.Santa Fe/MUPCN) facilities. Exposure of embryos was performed by topication on the eggshell during the first stage of development. The treatments were distilled water (negative control; NC), ethanol (vehicle control; VC), four groups treated with different concentrations of CYP and four groups with END. In vivo exposure was performed by immersion; treatments were NC, VC, two groups exposed to CYP and two to END. After embryonic exposure to the insecticides, no differences were found in TWBC or DWBC among the neonates exposed to pesticides versus controls. In the in vivo scenario, similar results were obtained for TWBC, but DWBC data showed differences between NC hatchlings and CYP-1 hosts for heterophil, lymphocyte and monocyte levels, and between NC and END-1 hosts for lymphocyte and monocyte levels. Research on the effects of pesticide exposure on this species is of special interest not only to assess the impact on caiman populations, but also to further characterize the species as a potential sentinel of ecosystem health. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Genetic, enzymatic and developmental alterations observed in Caiman latirostris exposed in ovo to pesticide formulations and mixtures in an experiment simulating environmental exposure

Cited by 71 publications

References 37 publications

Effects ofin vivoexposure to Roundup® on immune system ofCaiman latirostris

Effects ofin vivoexposure to Roundup® on immune system ofCaiman latirostris

Review of genotoxicity studies of glyphosate and glyphosate-based formulations

Total and differential white blood cell counts inCaiman latirostrisafterin ovoandin vivoexposure to insecticides

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