Genetic Epidemiology, Physical Activity, and Inactivity

Bray, Molly S.; Fulton, Janet E.; Kalupahana, Nishan S.; Lightfoot, J. Timothy

doi:10.1002/9781444327335.ch7

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The subjective nature of questionnaires may explain the large variation in PA levels observed between different studies [69]. Nevertheless, due to cost efficiency, questionnaires are often used in large epidemiologic studies, including genetic studies [1]. Another questionnaire-based study on a large European cohort of older subjects reported relatively low proportion of participants with no vigorous/moderate physical activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical activity (PA) is a complex behavior [1], influenced by both genetic and environmental variables [2][3][4]. The health effects of PA are well described [5][6][7], as are the negative consequences of inactivity [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recommendation for maintaining good health is aerobic PA for a minimum of 150 min per week at moderate intensity or a minimum of 75 min per week at high intensity [10]. Despite strong evidence for genetic influence on PA [1], it is complex and not yet fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of allele frequencies for genes associated with physical activity and/or physical capacity in a homogenous Norwegian cohort- a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: There are large individual differences in physical activity (PA) behavior as well as trainability of physical capacity. Heritability studies have shown that genes may have as much impact on exercise participation behavior as environmental factors. Genes that favor both trainability and participation may increase the levels of PA. The present study aimed to assess the allele frequencies in genes associated with PA and/or physical capacity, and to see if there is any association between these polymorphisms and self-reported PA levels in a cohort of middleaged Norwegians of Scandinavian descent (n = 831; mean age mean age (± SD) 55.5 ± 3.8 years). Results: The genotype distributions of the ACTN3 R577X, ACE I/D and MAOA uVNTR polymorphisms were similar to other populations of European descent. When comparing the genotype distribution between the low/medium level PA group (LMPA) and high level PA groups (HPA), a significant difference in ACTN3 577X allele distribution was found. The X allele frequency was 10% lower in the HPA level group (P = 0.006). There were no differences in the genotype distribution of the ACE I/D or MAOA uVNTR polymorphism. Education and previous participation in sports or outdoor activities was positively associated with the self-reported PA levels (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report association between ACTN3 R577X genotype and PA level in middle-aged Scandinavians. Nevertheless, the contribution of a single polymorphism to a complex trait, like PA level, is likely small. Socioeconomic variables, as education and previous participation in sports or outdoor activities, are positively associated with the self-reported PA levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of allele frequencies for genes associated with physical activity and/or physical capacity in a homogenous Norwegian cohort- a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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“…Apesar de revisões sistemáticas sugerirem a importância de várias classes de variáveis correlatas (fatores biológico-demográficos, do ambiente físico natural e construído, socioculturais, psicológicos, cognitivos e emocionais) na interpretação da va-riabilidade populacional de diferentes marcadores da AF e PE, o poder explicativo dessas variáveis é ainda reduzido [10][11][12] . A Epidemiologia Genética (EG), aplicada à pesquisa de fenótipos associados às diferentes expressões de atividade física ou ao vasto universo das Ciências do Esporte, tem uma história relativamente recente 13 e muito promissora em termos de suas abordagens top-down ou bottom-up [14][15] ou no esclarecimento de mecanismos subjacentes à variabilidade dos níveis de AF e PE [16][17] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified