Genetic-geographic dispersion among North Indian populations and affinities of the Jats

Corruccini, Robert S.; Gill, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf02443990

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, Jat (other backward castes) has longer digit lengths than Pandit‐Tyagi (general castes) and Chamar‐Jatav (scheduled castes). Because studies show that Jat (Corruccini & Gill, 1987; Mahal & Matsoukas, 2017), Pandit, and Chamar (Saha et al, 1992) represent different gene pools, the differences in digit length are likely to be representative of the genetic differences. Prior reports of differences in height across castes also support this likelihood (Gautam et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, the formation of the caste system is related to the advent of Aryans in India, and thus some ethnic‐group differences are expected across castes (Ghurye, 1969). Recent studies have documented genetic differences between upper (more Ancestral North Indian element) and lower (more Ancestral South Indian element) caste groups (Bamshad et al, 2001; Basu et al, 2016; Khan et al, 2007; Moorjani et al, 2013; Reich et al, 2009) as well as among specific castes (Corruccini & Gill, 1987; Saha et al, 1992). Moreover, after 1500 years of endogamy (approximately 70 generations), genetically, the caste differences may be similar to the ethnic‐group differences (Basu et al, 2016; Corruccini & Gill, 1987; Ghurye, 1969; Sebastian, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of caste, birth season, and family income on digit ratios

Kumar

Voracek

2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: The contributions of latitude and ethnicity in the determination of cross-society differences in digit ratios are unclear. In India, different castes (endogamous groups) have been living in the same areas (villages or towns) for the last 1500 years and, therefore, these groups may have different gene pools without a latitude-related difference component. Thus, in the present study, we studied the effect of caste on digit ratios. We also studied the effects of sex, birth season, and family income on digit ratios. Methods:We selected a sample of 301 college students (age: M = 19.9 years, SD = 2.63) in Muzaffarnagar city of western Uttar Pradesh, India, and asked participants for information regarding their birth month, religion, caste, and monthly family income. We measured participants' dorsal and palmar digit lengths (of all fingers, except the thumb, in both hands) using vernier calipers of 0.01 mm accuracy. Results: Other backward castes (intermediate castes) had longer digit lengths than general castes (upper castes), scheduled castes (lower castes), and Muslims. However, there was no difference in digit ratios of caste groups (scheduled castes vs. other backward castes vs. general castes vs. Muslims) or specific castes (Chamar-Jatav vs. Jat vs. Pandit-Tyagi). Winter-born women had lower left dorsal 2D:4D and 3D:4D ratios than summer-born women. Family income was related to higher dorsal 2D:4D and 3D:4D ratios among women. Moreover, in dorsal digit ratios, sex difference (men < women) occurred in digit ratios constituting digit 5, whereas, in palmar digit ratios, sex difference occurred in digit ratios constituting digit 2. Conclusions:The present study suggests that endogamy-led genetic difference in ethnic/caste groups is not a determinant, whereas birth season (i.e., the exposure to sunlight) and family income might be determinants of digit ratios.In addition, compared to palmar digit ratios, dorsal digit ratios are better markers of sexual dimorphism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%