Genetic homogeneity and phage susceptibility of ruminal strains of Streptococcus bovis isolated in Australia

Klieve, Athol V.; Heck, Gerard L.; Prance, M. A.; Qin, Shu

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00596.x

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For each of the three restriction enzymes used, Hin fI, Hha I and Dpn II, the RFLP profiles were identical, regardless of the origin of the isolate. In particular, the profiles obtained with the restriction enzyme Hha I were identical to those obtained by Klieve et al. (1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…More recently, strains of S. bovis have been characterized at the molecular level, primarily based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis (Whitehead and Cotta 2000). Further, work in US and Australian laboratories have established the genetic homogeneity of S. bovis of ruminal origin (Al Jassim and Rowe 1999; Klieve et al. 1999; Whitehead and Cotta 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Streptococcus bovis from the rumen of the dromedary camel and Rusa deer

Ghali

Scott

Jassim³

2004

Lett Appl Microbiol

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M . B . G H A L I , P . T . S C O T T A N D R . A . M . A L J A S S I M . 2004.Aims: Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus bovis from the dromedary camel and Rusa deer. Methods and Results: Bacteria were isolated from the rumen contents of four camels and two deer fed lucerne hay by culturing on the semi-selective medium MRS agar. Based on Gram morphology and RFLP analysis seven isolates, MPR1, MPR2, MPR3, MPR4, MPR5, RD09 and RD11 were selected and putatively identified as Streptococcus. The identity of these isolates was later confirmed by comparative DNA sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene with the homologous sequence from S. bovis strains, JB1, C14b1, NCFB2476, SbR1, SbR7 and Sb5, from cattle and sheep, and the Streptococcus equinus strain NCD01037T. The percentage similarity amongst all strains was >99%, confirming the identification of the camel isolates as S. bovis. The strains were further characterized by their ability to utilize a range of carbohydrates, the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and lactate and the determination of the doubling time in basal medium 10 supplemented with glucose. All the isolates produced L L-lactate as a major fermentation end product, while four of five camel isolates produced VFA. The range of carbohydrates utilized by all the strains tested, including those from cattle and sheep were identical, except that all camel isolates and the deer isolate RD11 were additionally able to utilize arabinose. Conclusions: Streptococcus bovis was successfully isolated from the rumen of camels and deer, and shown by molecular and biochemical characterization to be almost identical to S. bovis isolates from cattle and sheep. Significance and Impact of the Study: Streptococcus bovis is considered a key lactic acid producing bacterium from the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, and has been implicated as a causative agent of lactic acidosis. This study is the first report of the isolation and characterization of S. bovis from the dromedary camel and Rusa deer, and suggests a major contributive role of this bacterium to fermentative acidosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Streptococcus bovis from the rumen of the dromedary camel and Rusa deer

Ghali

Scott

Jassim³

2004

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…These phages help in bacterial mass turnover in the rumen, which may be considered not so useful for the animals on different feeding schedules (Klieve and Swain 1993 ), but by lysing the bacterial cells, the bacterial protein is easily made available to the animals as a source of amino acids. The specifi city of the bacteriophages for a particular rumen bacterium may be exploited for removal or killing by lysis of unwanted rumen bacteria from the ecosystem like Streptococcus bovis and methanogens (Klieve et al 1999 ;Bach et al 2002 ). A little information is available on the genetic blueprint and gene functionality of archaeal, particularly methanogenic, phages, but more are being discovered using electron microscopy (Ackermann 2007 ) and in vitro techniques (Stanton 2007 ).…”

Section: Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen Microbiology: An Overview

Choudhury

Salem

Jena

et al. 2015

Rumen Microbiology: From Evolution to Revolution

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The systematic exploration of microbial ecosystem of the rumen was commenced by the father of rumen microbiology, Robert Hungate, in 1950s. His contributions toward the development of anaerobic culture techniques have illustrated the ways to explore the complex microbial structures of the rumen and other anaerobic ecosystems. The understanding of rumen microbiology has strengthened an awareness to improve the feed utilization and manipulation of microbial compositions. Microbes and their interactions in interspecies H 2 transfers were fi rst studied in the rumen ecosystems and attracted pioneers to investigate the alternate abatement strategies of methane production along with enhanced animal productivity. The discovery of alternate hydrogenotrophs and industrially important novel microbes and the management of rumen disorders via microbial manipulations make this community an interesting research platform for different microbial theories. The discovery of anaerobic fungi as a part of rumen fl ora by Orpin during the 1970s disproved their mistaken identity as fl agellated protozoa and the concept that all fungi are aerobic organisms.

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“…Bacteria capable of growth on either wheat starch (Sigma) or lactic acid (85%, Univar, Sydney, Australia) as the primary substrate for growth, were isolated from samples of rumen contents from cattle adapted to a high‐grain diet (barley or sorghum). Samples of rumen contents were those used for the isolation of the Sb series of S. bovis strains reported previously (Klieve et al. 1999).…”

Section: Isolation Selection and Characterization Of Bacteria For Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing populations of Megasphaera elsdenii YE 34 and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens YE 44 in the rumen of cattle fed high grain diets

et al. 2003

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Aim: To determine whether Megasphaera elsdenii YE34 (lactic acid degrader) and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens YE44 (alternative starch utilizer to Streptococcus bovis) establish viable populations in the rumen of beef cattle rapidly changed from a forage-based to a grain-based diet. Methods and Results: Five steers were inoculated with the two bacterial strains (YE34 and YE44) and five served as uninoculated controls. With the exception of one animal in the control group, which developed acidosis, all steers rapidly adapted to the grain-based diet without signs of acidosis (pH decline and accumulation of lactic acid). Bacterial populations of S. bovis, B. fibrisolvens and M. elsdenii were enumerated using real-time Taq nuclease assays. Populations of S. bovis remained constant (except in the acidotic animal) at ca 10 7 cell equivalents (CE) ml )1 throughout the study. Megasphaera elsdenii YE34, was not detectable in animals without grain in the diet, but immediately established in inoculated animals, at 10 6 CE ml )1 , and increased 100-fold in the first 4 days following inoculation. Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, initially present at 10 8 CE ml )1 , declined rapidly with the introduction of grain into the diet and was not detectable 8 days after grain introduction. Conclusion: Megasphaera elsdenii rapidly establishes a lactic acid-utilizing bacterial population in the rumen of grain-fed cattle 7-10 days earlier than in uninoculated cattle. Significance and Impact of the Study: The study has demonstrated that rumen bacterial populations, and in particular the establishment of bacteria inoculated into the rumen for probiotic use, can be monitored by real-time PCR.

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Genetic homogeneity and phage susceptibility of ruminal strains of Streptococcus bovis isolated in Australia

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Characterization of Streptococcus bovis from the rumen of the dromedary camel and Rusa deer

Characterization of Streptococcus bovis from the rumen of the dromedary camel and Rusa deer

Rumen Microbiology: An Overview

Establishing populations of Megasphaera elsdenii YE 34 and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens YE 44 in the rumen of cattle fed high grain diets

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