Genetic identification of SNP markers linked to a new grape phylloxera resistant locus in Vitis cinerea for marker-assisted selection

Abstract

BackgroundGrape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) is a major insect pest that negatively impacts commercial grapevine performance worldwide. Consequently, the use of phylloxera resistant rootstocks is an essential component of vineyard management. However, the majority of commercially available rootstocks used in viticulture production provide limited levels of grape phylloxera resistance, in part due to the adaptation of phylloxera biotypes to different Vitis species. Therefore, there is pressing need to develop new rootstocks better adapted to specific grape growing regions with complete resistance to grape phylloxera biotypes.ResultsGrapevine rootstock breeding material, including an accession of Vitis cinerea and V. aestivalis, DRX55 ([M. rotundifolia x V. vinifera] x open pollinated) and MS27-31 (M. rotundifolia specific hybrid), provided complete resistance to grape phylloxera in potted plant assays. To map the genetic factor(s) of grape phylloxera resistance, a F1 V. cinerea x V. vinifera Riesling population was screened for resistance. Heritability analysis indicates that the V. cinerea accession contained a single allele referred as RESISTANCE TO DAKTULOSPHAIRA VITIFOLIAE 2 (RDV2) that confers grape phylloxera resistance. Using genetic maps constructed with pseudo-testcross markers for V. cinerea and Riesling, a single phylloxera resistance locus was identified in V. cinerea. After validating SNPs at the RDV2 locus, interval and linkage mapping showed that grape phylloxera resistance mapped to linkage group 14 at position 16.7 cM.ConclusionThe mapping of RDV2 and the validation of markers linked to grape phylloxera resistance provides the basis to breed new rootstocks via marker-assisted selection that improve vineyard performance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1590-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Construction of a High-Density Genetic Map and Mapping of Firmness in Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Based on Whole-Genome Resequencing

“…In the past ten years, a number of grape genetic maps have been constructed based on different mapping populations [20,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Numerous QTLs for important economic traits, including resistance to downy mildew [10,16,22,[34][35][36][37][38], powdery mildew [34,36,[39][40][41], anthracnose [24], root-knot nematodes [42], and grape phylloxera [43,44], as well as flower sex [45,46], berry color [46,47], seedlessness [48], berry weight [18,32], soluble solid content [32], acidity [20], and muscat flavor [49], have been identified.…”

Characterization of genetic determinants of the resistance to phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and the dagger nematode Xiphinema index from muscadine background

“…'Arnold'(Zhang et al 2009) and RDV2 located on LG 14 in cv. 'C2-50'(Smith et al 2018). Two other QTLs have been detected on LG 5 and LG 10 in an F1 cross containing at least six Vitis species in the ancestry(Clark et al 2018).…”

“…Radicicoles are the most destructive in V. vinifera due to severe root damage, while gallicole forms are more common in most other species without lethal effects for the plants. Root feeding induces the formation of galls called nodosities (Powell 2012;Smith et al 2018). Phylloxera root infection causes vine decline and finally plant death, partly explained by secondary fungal infections (Pouget 1990).…”

“…The RESISTANCE DAKTULOSPHAIRA VITIFOLIAE 2 (RDV2) locus was mapped to chromosome 14 in V. cinerea cv. 'C2-50' (Smith et al 2018). A leaf-specific phylloxera resistance locus overlapped the location of RDV2 on LG 14 in a F1 family from a cross containing at least six Vitis species in the ancestry (V. vinifera, V. riparia, V. rupestris, V. labrusca, V. aestivalis and V. berlandieri).…”

Characterization of genetic determinants of the resistance to phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and the dagger nematode Xiphinema index from muscadine background

“…Radicicoles are the most destructive in V. vinifera due to severe root damage, while gallicole forms are more common in most other species without lethal effects for the plants. Root feeding induces the formation of galls called nodosities (Powell 2012;Smith et al 2018).…”