Genetic Implications in COPD. The Current Knowledge

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease in the pathogenesis of which contributes a variety of causative factors including genetic and environmental ones. They may also be interactions of genetic susceptibilities and environmental influences. Towards to that in the pathogenesis of the disease except smoking, it seems to have a great impact the genetic predisposition of the individuals suffering from that serious progressive disease. Regarding to these observations and findings very interesting studies have been conducted in order to elucidate the implications of different genes, and their polymorphisms in disease aetiology. This is a review which elucidates the impact of genetic susceptibility in COPD.

Clinical features of chronic bronchitis and genetic risk factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adolescent smokers

“…Therefore, an important internal risk factor for the development of CB is the genetic predisposition, with which the features of immunological reactivity, growth and development of the lungs are closely linked [8]. Today, the genetic mechanisms of the formation of COPD in adults have become the object of largescale research around the world [9,10,11]. But in childhood, the genetic risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases, except for bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis, have practically not been studied.…”

Clinical features of chronic bronchitis and genetic risk factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adolescent smokers

“…Therefore, genetic predisposition with regard to immunological reactivity and growth and development of the lungs are closely linked [8]. Today, the genetic mechanisms responsible for the formation of COPD in adults have become the object of large-scale research around the world [9][10][11], but in childhood, the genetic risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases, except for bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis, have been largely ignored. Thus, the study of the role of tobacco smoking in the development of CB in children and adolescents with analysis of molecular genetic factors can provide additional information on the mechanisms of disease formation and will allow us to predict these conditions and develop methods for disease prevention.…”

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“…An α1-antitrypsin deficiency is a definitively proven genetic determinant of COPD susceptibility. Variants in other candidate genes have been studied which may influence COPD susceptibility, including SERPINA1, ADRB2, ACE, GSTs and TNFα genes [2].…”