Genetic Improvement of Maize Yields

Russell, W. A.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60582-9

Cited by 228 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In absolute values, modern hybrid Ag 9012 presented an yield edge over the older materials that ranged from 1,350 to 1,500 kg ha -1 , depending on the amount of N applied to the soil. The impact of N on grain yield depicted in Figure 1 showed that hybrids cultivated in Southern Brazil during the last 40 years presented the same kind of behavior described by Castleberry et al (1984), Carlone & Russel (1987), Russel (1991) and Duvick (1994) for hybrids cultivated in the West US Corn Belt. Modern-day hybrid Ag 9012 had greater grain yield than did hybrids of earlier eras at all N rates evaluated in the trial.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Selection against silk delay has been one of the most effective breeding methods to improve maize tolerance to environmental stresses (Russel, 1991). Poorly synchronized plants are automatically eliminated during the inbreed breeding process (Bolaños & Edmeades, 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen limiting conditions produce several restrictions to plant development, delaying silking (Russel, 1991), decreasing pre-anthesis crop growth rate (McCullough et al, 1994a), dwindling leaf area index at flowering and accelerating leaf senescence rates throughout the life cycle (Wolfe et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maize grain yield potential has increased dramatically during the last 50 years especially in temperate regions of the world (Russel, 1991;Tollenaar et al, 1994). This yield enhancement can be largely attributed to the release of genetic superior hybrids, higher plant densities, increased use of chemical fertilizers, reduction of row spacing, improved cultural practices, better weed and pest control (Carlone & Russel, 1987;Dwyer et al, 1991;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The level of soil fertility has not been used directly as a selection tool in the development and evaluation of maize inbred lines (Russel, 1991). In addition to that, genetic selection is often conducted at high level of N application in order to eliminate N as a restrictive variable during the selection process (Kamprath et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen fertilization impact on agronomic traits of maize hybrids released at different decades

Sangoi

Ender

Guidolin

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Genetic selection of maize hybrids is often conducted using high N rates during the breeding cycle. This procedure may either lead to the release of genotypes that present nitrogen luxury consumption or require a stronger N input to accomplish their yield potential. This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of N rates on grain yield and N use efficiency of hybrids cultivated in different decades in Southern Brazil. The trial was performed in Lages, Santa Catarina State. A split plot design was used. Hybrids Ag 12, Ag 28, Ag 303 and Ag 9012, released during the 60 s, 70 s, 80 s and 90 s, respectively, were evaluated in the main plots. Nitrogen rates equivalent to 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha -1 were side-dressed in the split-plots when each hybrid had six fully expanded leaves. Modern-day hybrid Ag 9012 had higher grain yield than hybrids of earlier eras, regardless of N rates. Under high doses of N, the older hybrids Ag 12 and Ag 28 took up more N and presented higher values of shoot dry matter at flowering than Ag 9012. Nonetheless, they set less grains per ear which contributed to decrease their grain yield and N use efficiency.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%