Genetic improvement of tomato by targeted control of fruit softening

Uluışık, Selman; Chapman, Natalie H.; Smith, Rebecca A.; Poole, Mervin; Adams, Gary G.; Gillis, Richard B.; Besong, Tabot M. D.; Sheldon, Judith; Stiegelmeyer, Suzy M.; Perez, Laura; Samsulrizal, Nurul Hidayah; Wang, Duoduo; Fisk, Ian D.; Yang, Ni; Baxter, Charles; Rickett, Daniel; Fray, Rupert G.; Blanco‐Ulate, Barbara; Powell, Ann; Harding, Stephen E.; Craigon, J.; Rose, Jocelyn K. C.; Fich, Eric A.; Sun, Li; Domozych, David S.; Fraser, Paul D.; Tucker, Gregory A.; Grierson, Don; Seymour, Graham B.

doi:10.1038/nbt.3602

Cited by 288 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this study, aside from PG1‐2 and PME, other cell wall genes, including Exp1‐3 , PYL1‐3 , Xyl , EGase and XTH2 , displayed highly concerted increases in accumulation of mRNAs at the CR stage in LTC fruit, in parallel with increases in transcript abundance of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis (Figs & a). Previously, enzymes such as PG, PLY and Exp, have been reported to be highly induced by exogenous ethylene during fruit softening in other plants (Davies et al ; Davies et al ; Sitrit & Bennett ; Hayama et al ; Uluisik et al ). These data suggest that normal softening of LTC fruit is associated with consistently enhanced actions of multiple cell wall genes, regulated by ethylene, as presented in the model (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses provide new insights into chilling injury in peach fruit

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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101

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Low temperature conditioning (LTC) alleviates peach fruit chilling injury but the underlying molecular basis is poorly understood. Here, changes in transcriptome, ethylene production, flesh softening, internal browning and membrane lipids were compared in fruit maintained in constant 0 °C and LTC (pre-storage at 8 °C for 5 d before storage at 0 °C). Low temperature conditioning resulted in a higher rate of ethylene production and a more rapid flesh softening as a result of higher expression of ethylene biosynthetic genes and a series of cell wall hydrolases. Reduced internal browning of fruit was observed in LTC, with lower transcript levels of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, but higher lipoxygenase. Low temperature conditioning fruit also showed enhanced fatty acid content, increased desaturation, higher levels of phospholipids and a preferential biosynthesis of glucosylceramide. Genes encoding cell wall hydrolases and lipid metabolism enzymes were coexpressed with differentially expressed ethylene response factors (ERFs) and contained ERF binding elements in their promoters. In conclusion, LTC is a special case of cold acclimation which increases ethylene production and, operating through ERFs, promotes both softening and changes in lipid composition and desaturation, which may modulate membrane stability, reducing browning and contributing to alleviation of peach fruit chilling injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses provide new insights into chilling injury in peach fruit

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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101

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“…The exogenous ethylene application increased β-galactosidase activity in watermelon and the higher activities of these enzymes were observed in immature fruits (Karakurt and Huber, 2002). PL catalyzes the breakdown of 1-4 of α- D -galacturonic acid (Uluisik et al, 2016). Bananas treated with ethylene increased the activity of this enzyme, while the use of 1-MCP reduced its activity (Lohani et al, 2004).…”

Section: Fruit Senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Role in Plant Growth, Development and Senescence: Interaction with Other Phytohormones

et al. 2017

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The complex juvenile/maturity transition during a plant’s life cycle includes growth, reproduction, and senescence of its fundamental organs: leaves, flowers, and fruits. Growth and senescence of leaves, flowers, and fruits involve several genetic networks where the phytohormone ethylene plays a key role, together with other hormones, integrating different signals and allowing the onset of conditions favorable for stage progression, reproductive success and organ longevity. Changes in ethylene level, its perception, and the hormonal crosstalk directly or indirectly regulate the lifespan of plants. The present review focused on ethylene’s role in the development and senescence processes in leaves, flowers and fruits, paying special attention to the complex networks of ethylene crosstalk with other hormones. Moreover, aspects with limited information have been highlighted for future research, extending our understanding on the importance of ethylene during growth and senescence and boosting future research with the aim to improve the qualitative and quantitative traits of crops.

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“…Therefore, it was hypothesized that PG-mediated pectin disassembly during ripening makes only a small contribution to fruit softening. Recently, studies on apple, papaya, strawberry, and tomato suggest a critical role for pectin modifications in fruit softening, which challenges the hypothesis above [25,26,27,28]. Taken together, different PG genes may have divergence in temporal and spatial expression during the long period of fruit development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Polygalacturonase Genes in Solanum lycopersicum

Wang

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Polygalacturonase (PG), a large hydrolase family in plants, is involved in pectin disassembly of the cell wall in plants. The present study aims to characterize PG genes and investigate their expression patterns in Solanum lycopersicum. We identified 54 PG genes in the tomato genome and compared their amino acid sequences with their Arabidopsis counterpart. Subsequently, we renamed these PG genes according to their Arabidopsis homologs. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis revealed that these tomato PG genes could be classified into seven clades, and within each clade the exon/intron structures were conserved. Expression profiles analysis through quantitive real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that most SlPGs had specific or high expression patterns in at least one organ, and particularly five PG genes (SlPG14, SlPG15, SlPG49, SlPG70, and SlPG71) associated with fruit development. Promoter analysis showed that more than three cis-elements associated with plant hormone response, environmental stress response or specific organ/tissue development exhibited in each SlPG promoter regions. In conclusion, our results may provide new insights for the further study of PG gene function during plant development.

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Genetic improvement of tomato by targeted control of fruit softening

Cited by 288 publications

References 46 publications

Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses provide new insights into chilling injury in peach fruit

Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses provide new insights into chilling injury in peach fruit

Ethylene Role in Plant Growth, Development and Senescence: Interaction with Other Phytohormones

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Polygalacturonase Genes in Solanum lycopersicum

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