Genetic Magnitude of Heterosis for Yield and Quality Traits in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Abstract

To magnitude of heterosis for yield and quality traits was carried out in bitter gourd during Kharif-2016, Kharif-2017 and Kharif-2018, with fifteen diversified genotypes, three testers and their commercial check (Pusa Do Mausami) to developed 45 hybrids (F 1 s) following by the Line × Tester mating design using for various yield and quality traits at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi (UP). The parental mean and heterosis revealed that the parents OBGCBR-2 and IC-085611 were the best genotype for improvement of fruit yield, combined with quality traits. Highest degree of heterosis for most of the traits i.e., fruit yield and quality traits were registered in desired direction in the hybrid OBGCBR-2 × Jaunpuri Green and Green Jhalari × Jaunpuri Green. For number of fruit plant -1 and average fruit weight positive and significant heterosis observed in cross OBGCBR-2 × IC-085611 found to be superior cross over commercial check followed by Meghna × Jaunpuri Green for number of fruit plant -1 over relative parent and heterobeltiosis. Quality heterosis for ascorbic acid and iron content was found in the desired direction in cross OBGCBR-1 × Jaunpuri Green. The highest desirable and significant, heterobeltiosis for iron content and commercial check for TSS was observed in the hybrids OBGCBR-2 × IC-085611. Therefore, considering the performance of magnitude of heterosis, hybrid 'OBGCBR-2 × Jaunpuri Green' revealed favourable value for most of the important traits like yield and quality traits. It can be tested over the season and location for assessing stability for high yield and quality. K e y w o r d sHeterosis, qualitative traits, line × tester, hybrids, superior lines and crosses.

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Genotypes

“…Momordica is a genus with around 45 species, most of which are found in Africa [1]. Bitter gourd is a quite popular "tropical and subtropical" commercially significant vegetable crop [2]. A range of pharmacological properties, viz., antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihepatotoxic, etc.…”