Genetic mapping of resistance to bacterial blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Jorge, Véronique; Fregene, Martin A.; Duque, Myriam C.; Bonierbale, M.; Tohmé, Joe; Verdier, Valérie

doi:10.1007/s001220051554

Cited by 74 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A scheme to ascertain the use of molecular markers in the assessment of segregant populations for bacteriosis resistance was proposed by Jorge et al (2000), who detected several QTL´s that explained a considerable proportion of trait variability. The extension of the QTL´s relationship with the expression of bacteriosis in the field was recently studied by Jorge et al (2001), who discovered a particular QTL in the D linking group that correlated well with the degree of disease infestation.…”

Section: Breeding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava Breeding

Fukuda¹,

Silva²,

Iglesias³

2002

CBAB

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The main factors concerned with cassava breeding are described, such as origin and domestication, botanic classification and relationship with other species, reproduction mode and floral biology, factors that influence flowering, factors that affect hybridization and seed production, genetics and cytogenetics, qualitative trait heredity, selection criteria for yield, hybridization techniques, general and specific breeding objectives, breeding methods, diffusion of new varieties, current state of breeding, main results and impacts, the future of breeding and cultivars recommended in Brazil. The main results obtained at the national and international level in the areas of germplasm and cassava genetic improvement are presented. A list is included with the description of the cultivars for the Northern, Northeastern, Southeastern, Central-Western and Southern regions of Brazil.

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Section: Breeding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava Breeding

Fukuda¹,

Silva²,

Iglesias³

2002

CBAB

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“…Molecular markers have been employed to construct a genetic map of the cassava genome consisting of several hundred markers (8). The mapping of CBB resistance has recently been reported both in controlled conditions and in the field (10,11). Resistance to X. axonopodis pv.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…manihotis strains is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTL) located in different linkage groups, suggesting a specific interaction between the plant and the pathogen. Some of these QTL are specific to one strain, showing the complexity of this host plant-pathogen interaction (10). Since 1983, the entire cassava breeding strategy has been based on improving varieties for different edaphoclimatic zones (ECZs) (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Structure and Population Dynamics of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in Colombia from 1995 to 1999

Restrepo

Vélez

Duque

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to study the population genetics and temporal dynamics of the cassava bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. The population dynamics were addressed by comparing samples collected from 1995 to 1999 from six locations, spanning four different edaphoclimatic zones (ECZs). Forty-five different X. axonopodis pv. manihotis RFLP types or haplotypes were identified between 1995 and 1999. High genetic diversity of the X. axonopodis pv. manihotis strains was evident within most of the fields sampled. In all but one site, diversity decreased over time within fields. Haplotype frequencies significantly differed over the years in all but one location. Studies of the rate of change of X. axonopodis pv. manihotis populations during the cropping cycle in two sites showed significant changes in the haplotype frequencies but not composition. However, variations in pathotype composition were observed from one year to the next at a single site in ECZs 1 and 2 and new pathotypes were described after 1997 in these ECZs, thus revealing the dramatic change in the pathogen population structure of X. axonopodis pv. manihotis. Disease incidence was used to show the progress of cassava bacterial blight in Colombia during the 5-year period in different ecosystems. Low disease incidence values were correlated with low rainfall in 1997 in ECZ 1.Cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz, is a starchy root crop that is among the most important tropical foods. About 80% of the cassava produced is consumed in developing countries and constitutes the principal carbohydrate source for more than 500 million people (14). Cassava bacterial blight (CBB) has caused extensive damage to the crop during the past 2 decades (6, 14, 30). The causal agent, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, can induce a wide variety of symptoms, including angular leaf spots, blight, gum exudation, stem cankers, shoot wilt, vascular necrosis, and dieback (15). Resistance, which has been identified in M. esculenta and the wild relative Manihot glaziovii, is thought to be polygenic and additively inherited (9). Molecular markers have been employed to construct a genetic map of the cassava genome consisting of several hundred markers (8). The mapping of CBB resistance has recently been reported both in controlled conditions and in the field (10, 11). Resistance to X. axonopodis pv. manihotis strains is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTL) located in different linkage groups, suggesting a specific interaction between the plant and the pathogen. Some of these QTL are specific to one strain, showing the complexity of this host plant-pathogen interaction (10). Since 1983, the entire cassava breeding strategy has been based on improving varieties for different edaphoclimatic zones (ECZs) (1). The ECZs were defined according to the importance of cassava production in that region, climatic conditions, predominant soil type, and pest and disease problems (2). Seven zones exist: ECZ 1, subhumid tropics;...

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“…After infection with Xam, a resistant genotype reacted with lignin and callose deposits, and the production of tyloses and phenolic compounds associated with suberin within the infected vessels [29]. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to bacterial blight strains from Latin America were identified, and molecular markers for breeding for resistance were developed [105,106]. Among constitutive resistance mechanisms, a role of latex, produced abundantly after wounding, in defense is possible, indicated by its rapid coagulation and by its components such as lysozyme, chitinase, glucanase and protease [97,107].…”

Section: Resistance Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava Bacterial Blight: A Devastating Disease of Cassava

Fanou¹,

Zinsou²,

KerstinWydra³

2018

Cassava

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) with its long life cycle is affected by several diseases of which cassava bacterial blight (CBB) is the major bacterial disease in the cassava belt worldwide. The epidemiological and ecological investigations undertaken on the disease showed that the causal agent, the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam), possesses several means for survival and dissemination that may play an important role as inoculum sources for the infection when favorable conditions occur, and the subsequent damage of the plant causing severe yield losses. In fact, Xam survives epiphytically on some weeds occurring in and around cassava fields without developing blight symptoms. Investigating the survival period over the seasons, a longer survival exceeding 5 months has been observed in non-decayed cassava debris. Also, some insects in cassava field like the variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) vehicles the pathogen for some time. Over seasons Xam also survives often latently, in cassava stems which are then used for establishing new plantations. In regional disease surveys across ecozones in West Africa, no zone of preference has been found. Though, comparing the development of the disease and the damages caused in yield loss trials in two agro-eco-zones over 2 years, CBB was more pronounced and caused higher yield and biomass losses in the forest savannah transition zone than in the dry savannah where symptom development was positively correlated with the rainfall patterns. The detailed knowledge of the epidemiology, disease development, survival and dissemination, of the reaction of cassava varieties towards CBB such as physiological resistance mechanisms, identification of genetic resistance (QTL) and the background of observed field resistance as well as of the influence of planting time and cropping pattern allows to recommend integrated management measures such as sanitation, intercropping, removal of diseased leaves, management of planting dates according to ecozone, soil amendments, use of resistant genotypes.

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Genetic mapping of resistance to bacterial blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Cited by 74 publications

References 31 publications

Cassava Breeding

Cassava Breeding

Genetic Structure and Population Dynamics of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis in Colombia from 1995 to 1999

Cassava Bacterial Blight: A Devastating Disease of Cassava

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