Genetic Modification of Biomass to Alter Lignin Content and Structure

Pazhany, Adhini S.; Henry, Robert J.

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01163

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…However, in the case of C-wood, we are limited by the naturally available structure of lignin, as such the RTP wavelength of C-wood cannot be easily modified. One possibility for future development would be to collaborate with plant physiologist to obtain modified lignin via genetic engineering 89 and grow wood with targeted RTP emission spectra after Cl - modification. As such in the future it may be possible to prepare C-wood with different RTP wavelengths using modified natural wood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room temperature phosphorescence from natural wood activated by external chloride anion treatment

Zhai

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Producing afterglow room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from natural sources is an attractive approach to sustainable RTP materials. However, converting natural resources to RTP materials often requires toxic reagents or complex processing. Here we report that natural wood may be converted into a viable RTP material by treating with magnesium chloride. Specifically, immersing natural wood into an aqueous MgCl2 solution at room temperature produces so-called C-wood containing chloride anions that act to promote spin orbit coupling (SOC) and increase the RTP lifetime. Produced in this manner, C-wood exhibits an intense RTP emission with a lifetime of ~ 297 ms (vs. the ca. 17.5 ms seen for natural wood). As a demonstration of potential utility, an afterglow wood sculpture is prepared in situ by simply spraying the original sculpture with a MgCl2 solution. C-wood was also mixed with polypropylene (PP) to generate printable afterglow fibers suitable for the fabrication of luminescent plastics via 3D printing. We anticipate that the present study will facilitate the development of sustainable RTP materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room temperature phosphorescence from natural wood activated by external chloride anion treatment

Zhai

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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“…One application of genome editing in improving livestock feeds is to modify the genes involved in plant cell walls. For example, researchers have used genome editing to modify lignin, a component of plant cell walls that makes them tough and difficult to digest (Pazhany and Henry, 2019;Yu et al, 2021). By reducing lignin content, it may be possible to create crops that are more easily digested by livestock, leading to better feed efficiency and improved animal health.…”

Section: Improving Livestock Feedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Genome Editing for Livestock Resilience in Changing Environment

Ngeno

2023

Black Sea Journal of Agriculture

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Climate change poses a significant threat to livestock production systems, including changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and the spread of diseases. The use of genome editing technologies presents a potential solution to mitigate the impacts of climate change on livestock. This paper reviewed the prospects of utilizing genome editing in mitigating the impact of climate change in livestock. Applications of genome editing in development of heat-tolerant, and disease-resistant as well as animals with improved feed and water use efficiency and reduced methane emissions are explored. Additionally, a potential breeding program for gene edited animals is proposed. There are several different genome editing techniques that can be used in livestock breeding, including CRISPR/Cas9, TALENs, and zinc-finger nucleases. These techniques involve introducing specific changes to the animal's genome, such as deleting or replacing genes, or introducing new ones. The technology has enormous potential for improving livestock breeding, as it allows for the creation of animals with desirable traits in a much shorter time frame than traditional breeding methods. Generally, it may take years or even decades to breed an animal with a specific trait using traditional breeding methods, whereas genome editing can achieve the same result in just a few generations. Genome editing can be used to mitigate the impact of climate change on livestock production by reducing the methane emissions by improving the efficiency of feed conversion and modifying the genes responsible for methane production. Technology can be utilized to improve livestock feeds by modifying genes involved in plant growth, development, and nutrient use. This lead to the creation of forages that are high yielding, more nutritious and better adapted to diverse production environments. Genome editing allows development of animals that are more resistant to diseases, which can help reduce the need for antibiotics and other treatments. This is particularly important given the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, which is a major concern in both human and animal health. Genome editing has the potential of developing animals that are thermo-tolerant, as well as animals with improved feed and water use efficiency. The proposed breeding program for gene-edited animals will ensure that the animals produced are healthy, genetically diverse, and meet the desired traits. In terms of ethical concerns, policies for genome editing ought consider the potential for unintended consequences or the creation of animals with characteristics that are viewed as undesirable or unethical Overall, genome editing technology has the potential to revolutionize livestock production and contribute to the global effort to mitigate the impact of climate change.

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“…Genetic modification has proved to be a promising approach to artificially design biomass feedstocks with favorable properties. To alleviate the intractability of lignin, genetic reduction of lignin contents and/or altering lignin composition through classical forward genetic or targeted reverse genetic approaches are considered as one of the most effective strategies to improve the lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production (Pazhany and Henry, 2019).…”

Section: Common Strategies For In Planta Lignin Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Modification of Lignin Biosynthesis in Plants: A Promising Strategy for Lignocellulose Improvement and Lignin Valorization

Wang

Gui

Jian-gang

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Lignin is essential for plant growth, structural integrity, biotic/abiotic stress resistance, and water transport. Besides, lignin constitutes 10–30% of lignocellulosic biomass and is difficult to utilize for biofuel production. Over the past few decades, extensive research has uncovered numerous metabolic pathways and genes involved in lignin biosynthesis, several of which have been highlighted as the primary targets for genetic manipulation. However, direct manipulation of lignin biosynthesis is often associated with unexpected abnormalities in plant growth and development for unknown causes, thus limiting the usefulness of genetic engineering for biomass production and utilization. Recent advances in understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis have revealed new avenues for spatial and temporal modification of lignin in lignocellulosic plants that avoid growth abnormalities. This review explores recent work on utilizing specific transcriptional regulators to modify lignin biosynthesis at both tissue and cellular levels, focusing on using specific promoters paired with functional or regulatory genes to precisely control lignin synthesis and achieve biomass production with desired properties. Further advances in designing more appropriate promoters and other regulators will increase our capacity to modulate lignin content and structure in plants, thus setting the stage for high-value utilization of lignin in the future.

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Genetic Modification of Biomass to Alter Lignin Content and Structure

Cited by 28 publications

References 148 publications

Room temperature phosphorescence from natural wood activated by external chloride anion treatment

Room temperature phosphorescence from natural wood activated by external chloride anion treatment

Utilization of Genome Editing for Livestock Resilience in Changing Environment

Spatio-Temporal Modification of Lignin Biosynthesis in Plants: A Promising Strategy for Lignocellulose Improvement and Lignin Valorization

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