Genetic organization of  i Streptococcus salivarius  i  24SMBc  i blp  i -like bacteriocin locus

Santagati, Maria G.; Scillato, Marina; Stefani, Stefania

doi:10.2741/s512

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…S salivarius is an a-hemolytic streptococci and an early colonizer in the human airway. [26][27][28] The presence of S salivarius is suggestive of healthy airway flora with desirable characteristics, such as production of bacteriocin-like peptides and disruption of pathogenic biofilm formation. 28,29 The S salivarius abundance in the oropharyngeal microbiome of patients with severe asthma increased approximately 5 times after a 6-month treatment with azithromycin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26][27][28] The presence of S salivarius is suggestive of healthy airway flora with desirable characteristics, such as production of bacteriocin-like peptides and disruption of pathogenic biofilm formation. 28,29 The S salivarius abundance in the oropharyngeal microbiome of patients with severe asthma increased approximately 5 times after a 6-month treatment with azithromycin. 30 Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity against many microorganisms, suggesting the observed changes in S salivarius abundance in their study may result directly from antibacterial activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma

Chen

Wang

Koch

et al. 2020

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

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Background: Sex differences exist in asthma susceptibility and severity. Accumulating evidence has linked airway microbiome dysbiosis to asthma, and airway microbial communities have been found to differ by sex. However, whether sex modifies the link between airway microbiome and asthma has not been investigated. Objective: To evaluate sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma. Methods: We analyzed induced sputum samples from 47 subjects (n ¼ 23 patients with asthma and n ¼ 24 normal controls) using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing methods. The bacterial composition was analyzed for sex differences. Bacterial associations with asthma were assessed for each sex at the core taxa and genus levels. Results: The microbiome in induced sputum differed in women vs men at the community level. A total of 5 core bacterial taxa were found in all samples. No sex-specific core taxa were detected. The most abundant core taxon, Streptococcus salivarius, was significantly enriched in women than in men (P ¼ .02). Within each sex, individuals with relatively lower abundance of S salivarius were more likely to have asthma (P ¼ .006). For both sexes, increased Lactobacillus species were found in sputum samples of patients with patients compared with normal controls (adjusted P ¼ .01). Haemophilus species were associated with asthma in men and not in women. Conclusion:The airway microbiome differed by sex, and sex effects exist in the association of airway microbial markers and asthma. Future airway microbiome studies may yield better resolution if the context of specific sex is considered. The airway microbiome is a potential mechanism driving sex differences in asthma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma

Chen

Wang

Koch

et al. 2020

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

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“…Recent studies shown that chemical interactions through secretion of molecules by different microbial species may affect spatial biofilm structure, regulating both its formation and dispersion [41–43]. Recently, Santagati et al described the presence of a blpU-like bacteriocine cassette in the genome of S. salivarius 24SMB, which has been shown to mediate intra- and interspecies competition with inhibitory activity against S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae and also to provide competitive advantage in colonization in vivo [15, 44]. However, no other genes responsible for production of bacteriocine (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no other genes responsible for production of bacteriocine (i.e. salivaricins, commonly produced by other S. salivarius strains) were identified throughout the genome [15]. Similarly, S. oralis 89a possess a locus for the production of a Colicin V, a proteolitically processed peptide antibiotic, which kills sensitive cells by disrupting membrane potential [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus oralis ) isolated from human pharynx are known to be early colonizers of upper respiratory mucosae and their numeric predominance is suggestive of a healthy flora [12, 13]. Furthermore, these species possess desirable characteristics, such as production of bacteriocin like Colicin V and bacteriocin-like peptides [14, 15] and both act as pioneer colonizer. Nonetheless , S. salivarius and S. oralis own a high affinity to human mucosae, protecting epithelial cells from pathogen adherence, internalization, and potential cytotoxic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a interfere with biofilm formation of pathogens of the upper respiratory tract

et al. 2018

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BackgroundInfections of the ears, paranasal sinuses, nose and throat are very common and represent a serious issue for the healthcare system. Bacterial biofilms have been linked to upper respiratory tract infections and antibiotic resistance, raising serious concerns regarding the therapeutic management of such infections. In this context, novel strategies able to fight biofilms may be therapeutically beneficial and offer a valid alternative to conventional antimicrobials. Biofilms consist of mixed microbial communities, which interact with other species in the surroundings and communicate through signaling molecules. These interactions may result in antagonistic effects, which can be exploited in the fight against infections in a sort of “bacteria therapy”. Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus oralis are α-hemolytic streptococci isolated from the human pharynx of healthy individuals. Several studies on otitis-prone children demonstrated that their intranasal administration is safe and well tolerated and is able to reduce the risk of acute otitis media. The aim of this research is to assess S. salivarius 24SMB and S. oralis 89a for the ability to interfere with biofilm of typical upper respiratory tract pathogens.MethodsTo investigate if soluble substances secreted by the two streptococci could inhibit biofilm development of the selected pathogenic strains, co-cultures were performed with the use of transwell inserts. Mixed-species biofilms were also produced, in order to evaluate if the inhibition of biofilm formation might require direct contact. Biofilm production was investigated by means of a spectrophotometric assay and by confocal laser scanning microscopy.ResultsWe observed that S. salivarius 24SMB and S. oralis 89a are able to inhibit the biofilm formation capacity of selected pathogens and even to disperse their pre-formed biofilms. Diffusible molecules secreted by the two streptococci and lowered pH of the medium revealed to be implied in the mechanisms of anti-biofilm activity.ConclusionsS. salivarius 24SMB and S. oralis 89a possess desirable characteristics as probiotic for the treatment and prevention of infections of the upper airways. However, the nature of the inhibition appear to be multifactorial and additional studies are required to get further insights.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3576-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Respiratory microbiome

Udayan,

Naik

2024

Microbes, Microbial Metabolism, and Mucosal Immunity

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Genetic organization of i Streptococcus salivarius i 24SMBc i blp i -like bacteriocin locus

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma

Sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma

Probiotics Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a interfere with biofilm formation of pathogens of the upper respiratory tract

Respiratory microbiome

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