Genetic Polymorphism of Glutathione-S-Transferase Gene (GSTP1) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Basra Province/Iraq

Abstract

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are enzymes that included, in a wide range of detoxifying reactions by conjugation of glutathione, to electrophilic material. Polymorphisms in the genes that are responsible for GSTs affect, the function of the GSTs. GSTs play an active role in protection of cell against oxidative stress mechanism. Polymorphisms of GSTP1 at codon 105 amino acids forms GSTP1 important site for bind of hydrophobic electrophiles and the substitution of Ile/Val affect substrate specially catalytic activity of the enzyme and may correlate with reach to different diseases in human like diabetes mellitus type2 disease. Correlation between these polymorphisms and changes in the parameters file of diabetic patients has also been found, therefore, the results vary considerably among the studies. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to study GSTP1genetic polymorphism in 60 T2DM patients and 40 healthy individuals. Our results showed that presence of the GSTP1 heterozygous mutant allele Ile/Val was more common in subjects with T2DM than in the control group (35.00% and 17.50.00%, respectively. Among patients there is an association between GSTP1and the risk of T2MD, both genotypes Ile/Val and Val/Val were more prevalent which result in 2.90 and 2.58 respectively risk towards T2DM .According to Hardy-Weinberg principle there was no deviation appears in the distribution of GSTP1 Alleles. GSTP1 genotypes do not have an effect on blood lipids after infection with diabetes mellitus.

Evaluation of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) Ile105Val polymorphism and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus, a meta-analysis

“…The characteristics of each study were summarized in Table 1 (Tab. 1) (References in Table 1: Yalin et al, 2007[ 35 ]; Oniki et al, 2008[ 20 ]; Bid et al, 2010[ 6 ]; Tsai et al, 2011[ 33 ]; Ramprasath et al, 2011[ 21 ]; Amer et al, 2011[ 4 ]; Moasser et al, 2012[ 19 ]; Gönül et al, 2012[ 10 ]; Grubisa et al, 2013[ 11 ]; Mastana et al, 2013[ 17 ]; Vats et al, 2013[ 34 ]; Rao et al, 2014[ 22 ]; Abbasi et al, 2014[ 1 ]; Zaki et al, 2015[ 36 ]; Stoian et al, 2015[ 29 ]; Mergani et al, 2016[ 18 ]; Rasheed et al, 2016[ 23 ]; Ahmed and Al-Bachary, 2017[ 2 ]). The studies included in the present meta-analysis were conducted on different ethnic populations: 14 studies included a Caucasian population, 2 studies included an Asian population, and 2 studies included an African population.…”

“…In overall there was no significant association between the study polymorphism and the risk of T2DM under codominant (Figure 1 (Fig. 1) ; References in Figure 1: Yalin et al, 2007[ 35 ]; Oniki et al, 2008[ 20 ]; Bid et al, 2010[ 6 ]; Tsai et al, 2011[ 33 ]; Ramprasath et al, 2011[ 21 ]; Amer et al, 2011[ 4 ]; Moasser et al, 2012[ 19 ]; Gönül et al, 2012[ 10 ]; Grubisa et al, 2013[ 11 ]; Mastana et al, 2013[ 17 ]; Vats et al, 2013[ 34 ]; Rao et al, 2014[ 22 ]; Abbasi et al, 2014[ 1 ]; Zaki et al, 2015[ 36 ]; Stoian et al, 2015[ 29 ]; Mergani et al, 2016[ 18 ]; Rasheed et al, 2016[ 23 ]; Ahmed and Al-Bachary, 2017[ 2 ]), dominant (Figure 2A (Fig. 2) ; References in Figure 2: Yalin et al, 2007[ 35 ]; Oniki et al, 2008[ 20 ]; Bid et al, 2010[ 6 ]; Tsai et al, 2011[ 33 ]; Ramprasath et al, 2011[ 21 ]; Amer et al, 2011[ 4 ]; Moasser et al, 2012[ 19 ]; Gönül et al, 2012[ 10 ]; Grubisa et al, 2013[ 11 ]; Mastana et al, 2013[ 17 ]; Vats et al, 2013[ 34 ]; Rao et al, 2014[ 22 ]; Abbasi et al, 2014[ 1 ]; Zaki et al, 2015[ 36 ]; Stoian et al, 2015[ 29 ]; Mergani et al, 2016[ 18 ]; Rasheed et al, 2016[ 23 ]; Ahmed and Al-Bachary, 2017[ 2 ]) and allele genetic models (Figure 2B (Fig.…”

“…2) ; References in Table 2: Oniki et al, 2008[ 20 ]; Vats et al, 2013[ 34 ]; Rao et al, 2014[ 22 ]; Ahmed and Al-Bachary, 2017[ 2 ]). The genotyping frequencies in the control groups showed significant differences with the expected frequencies in three studies (Vats et al, 2013[ 34 ]; Rao et al, 2014[ 22 ]; Ahmed and Al-Bachary, 2017[ 2 ]). After excluding these studies from meta-analysis, no significant association between the Ile105Val polymorphism and the T2DM risk under examined models was observed (Table 2 (Tab.…”

“…Considering that GSTP1 belongs to GST superfamily and is involved in cellular detoxification and the fact that Ile105Val polymorphism may alter the GSTP1 enzyme activity (Zimniak et al, 1994[ 38 ]; Johansson et al, 1998[ 14 ]; Ryberg et al, 1997[ 24 ]; Hu et al, 1997[ 12 ]; Sundberg et al, 1998[ 31 ]), it seems that the rs1695 polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to T2DM. During 2007 to 2017, eighteen studies investigate the association between this polymorphism and the risk of T2DM (Yalin et al, 2007[ 35 ]; Oniki et al, 2008[ 20 ]; Bid et al, 2010[ 6 ]; Tsai et al, 2011[ 33 ]; Ramprasath et al, 2011[ 21 ]; Amer et al, 2012[ 4 ]; Moasser et al, 2012[ 19 ]; Gönül et al, 2012[ 10 ]; Grubisa et al, 2013[ 11 ]; Mastana et al, 2013[ 17 ]; Vats et al, 2013[ 34 ]; Rao et al, 2014[ 22 ]; Abbasi et al, 2014[ 1 ]; Zaki et al, 2015[ 36 ]; Stoian et al, 2015[ 29 ]; Mergani et al, 2016[ 18 ]; Rasheed et al, 2016[ 23 ]; Ahmed and Al-Bachary, 2017[ 2 ]). However, the results of the studies are not consistent.…”

Influence of GSTT1 and GSTP1 Polymorphisms on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk in the Chinese Population: A Case Control Study

“…However, studies regarding the association between GSTP1 polymorphism and the risk of T2DM yielded controversial results [23,24,25,28,29,34,42,45,46,47]. Some studies suggested that the GSTP1…”