Genetic Predisposition to Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Relation to Ten Cardiovascular Conditions: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Jia, Min; Chen, He-Jia; Jia, Lingmei; Chen, Yali

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.796165

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Existing GWAS related to this topic suffer from small sample sizes and focus primarily on critically ill COVID-19 patients which supports the causal association [34]. Moreover, current GWAS ndings are inconsistent, with some studies suggesting that there is no relationship between genetically instrumented COVID-19 and the risk of HF [35].…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of COVID-19 on Heart Failure and Its Risk Factors: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Liu,

Huang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction Previous studies suggest a potential link between COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases, particularly heart failure (HF), but causal relationships remain unclear. This study uses bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate these associations.Materials and methods We selected genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets detailing COVID-19 phenotypes as exposures, while traits associated with HF and its risk factors constituted the outcomes. Our primary estimation method involved utilizing the inverse-variance weighted technique for it could provide a precise estimation by giving more weight to studies with less variance. Alongside, we deployed the weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO global test, and Cochran’s Q statistic to address biases, detect and correct for pleiotropy, and assess heterogeneity. Furthermore, we conducted bidirectional MR analysis to ascertain the directional causality.Results Based on the bidirectional MR analysis, our findings indicate a higher likelihood of developing into HF among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, as well as an increased propensity for HF development in individuals with all COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the presence of HF increases the prevalence of COVID-19, escalates the severity of COVID-19, and raises the hospitalization rate in those affected by COVID-19. COVID-19 does not directly escalate the incidence of the risk factors of HF, but type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could increases the hospitalization and severity rates of COVID-19 patients. Meanwhile, chronic kidney disease (CKD) contributes to increased hospitalization rates among COVID-19 patients.Conclusion This study provides evidence of a bidirectional causal link among COVID-19 and HF and its risk factors. These findings suggest clinical implications for early detection and management of HF in COVID-19 patients and highlight the need for targeted healthcare resources.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of COVID-19 on Heart Failure and Its Risk Factors: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Liu,

Huang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Notably, these results were based on observational studies. Recently, several studies used the Mendelian randomization design to show the causal associations between COVID-19 infection and cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and ischemic stroke (5)(6)(7). One previous study indicated that patients with severe COVID-19 were more likely to have the cerebrovascular disease (2.3 vs. 1.2%) (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Previous Stroke and Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study and an Overall Review of Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between previous stroke and the risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsWe included 164 (61.8 ± 13.6 years) patients with COVID-19 in a retrospective study. We evaluated the unadjusted and adjusted associations between previous stroke and severe COVID-19, using a Cox regression model. We conducted an overall review of systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship of previous stroke with the unfavorable COVID-19 outcomes.ResultsThe rate of severe COVID-19 in patients with previous stroke was 28.37 per 1,000 patient days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.65–75.59), compared to 3.94 per 1,000 patient days (95% CI: 2.66–5.82) in those without previous stroke (p < 0.001). Previous stroke was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 using a Cox regression model (unadjusted [hazard ratio, HR]: 6.98, 95% CI: 2.42–20.16, p < 0.001; adjusted HR [per additional 10 years]: 4.62, 95% CI: 1.52–14.04, p = 0.007). An overall review of systematic review and meta-analysis showed that previous stroke was significantly associated with severe COVID-19, mortality, need for intensive care unit admission, use of mechanical ventilation, and an unfavorable composite outcome.ConclusionPrevious stroke seems to influence the course of COVID-19 infection; such patients are at high risk of severe COVID-19 and might benefit from early hospital treatment measures and preventive strategies.

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Appraising the Causal Role of Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies

Georgiou,

Zagkos,

Markozannes

et al. 2023

JAHA

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BACKGROUND Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a powerful approach to study potential causal associations between exposures and health outcomes by using genetic variants associated with an exposure as instrumental variables. In this systematic review, we aimed to summarize previous MR studies and to evaluate the evidence for causality for a broad range of exposures in relation to coronary artery disease and stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS MR studies investigating the association of any genetically predicted exposure with coronary artery disease or stroke were identified. Studies were classified into 4 categories built on the significance of the main MR analysis results and its concordance with sensitivity analyses, namely, robust, probable, suggestive, and insufficient. Studies reporting associations that did not perform any sensitivity analysis were classified as nonevaluable. We identified 2725 associations eligible for evaluation, examining 535 distinct exposures. Of them, 141 were classified as robust, 353 as probable, 110 as suggestive, and 926 had insufficient evidence. The most robust associations were observed for anthropometric traits, lipids, and lipoproteins and type 2 diabetes with coronary artery; disease and clinical measurements with coronary artery disease and stroke; and thrombotic factors with stroke. CONCLUSIONS Despite the large number of studies that have been conducted, only a limited number of associations were supported by robust evidence. Approximately half of the studies reporting associations presented an MR sensitivity analysis along with the main analysis that further supported the causality of associations. Future research should focus on more thorough assessments of sensitivity MR analyses and further assessments of mediation effects or nonlinearity of associations.

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Genetic Predisposition to Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Relation to Ten Cardiovascular Conditions: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of COVID-19 on Heart Failure and Its Risk Factors: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Effects of COVID-19 on Heart Failure and Its Risk Factors: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Association Between Previous Stroke and Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study and an Overall Review of Meta-Analysis

Appraising the Causal Role of Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies

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