Genetic profile of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A hospital‐based survey in Jinhua

Chen, Xianguo; Xu, Bo; Li, Qiang; Xu, Xin; Li, Xianshuai; You, Xia; Yu, Zhaonan

doi:10.1002/mgg3.1398

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This is consistent with a recent Chinese report which included 1472 patients and found that EGFR mutation rates were not significantly different between younger (≤45 years) and older patients (52.6% vs 52.0%) (22). ALK rearrangements, which have been consistently reported as being more frequent in the young (5,6,15), were not significantly different in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Genomic landscape of lung cancer in the young

et al. 2022

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BackgroundLung cancer in the young is a rare entity of great interest due to the high frequency of targetable mutations. In this study, we explored the genomic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in young patients and compared it with genetic alterations in older patients.MethodsComparative study of the genomic profile of NSCLC young (≤40 years old) vs older patients (>40 years old) from Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN) in Lima, Peru. Archival paraffin-embedded tumor samples were profiled with FoundationOne CDx assay to identify short variants alterations (insertions and deletions), copy number variations (CNV), tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability in 324 driver genes and rearrangements in 28 commonly rearranged genes. A targetable alteration was defined as any alteration in a driver oncogene for which an FDA approved therapy existed at the time of study enrollment.ResultsOverall, 62 tumors were profiled, 32 from young and 30 from older patients. All clinicopathological features (smoking status, clinical stage, and histology) were similar between groups, except for gender (65.6% of females in the younger group vs 40% in the older group, P=0.043). At least one actionable mutation was present in 84.4% and 83.3% in younger and older patients, respectively. Alteration rates in the main genes were: BRAF, 3.1%(n=1) vs 0%; EGFR, 46.9% (n=15) vs 43.3% (n=13); ERBB2, 12.5% (n=4) vs 16.7% (n=5); KRAS, 15.6% (n=5) vs 16.7% (n=5); ALK, 6.3% (n=2) vs 3.3% (n=1); RET, 0.0% vs 3.3% (n=1); ROS1, 3.1% (n=1) vs 3.3% (n=1); NTRK1, 0.0% vs 3.3% (n=1) and MET, 3.1% (n=1) vs 13.3% (n=4). Mean TMB was 4.04 Mut/Mb (SD ± 3.98) for young vs 8.06 Mut/Mb (SD ± 9.84) for older patients (P=0.016). There were not significant differences in CNV, frequency of gene rearrangements, or microsatellites instability.ConclusionNSCLC in the young in our cohort was characterized by a high frequency of actionable genetic aberrations and a low TMB, which was also true for our older patients. The enrichment of actionable mutations in young patients described in other reports might be attributed to differences in the etiology and clinicopathological characteristics between younger and older patients and therefore not be applicable to all populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Likewise, it has been reported that lung cancer in the young is enriched for targetable genomic alterations. compared with older patients ( 5 , 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic landscape of lung cancer in the young

et al. 2022

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“…The American Cancer Society lung cancer statistics for 2022 show that approximately 236,740 new cases of lung cancer were diagnosed in the United States alone (117,910 in men and 118,830 in women) and approximately 130,180 people died from lung cancer (68,820 men and 61,360 women) [ 3 ]. In addition to gender and age differences (diagnosed patients are >65 years of age), many environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors are involved in the development of lung cancer ( Figure 1 ) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. However, more and more scientific studies highlight the extremely important role of genetic changes in the development and progression of this type of cancer [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of the Immune System and Molecular Cell Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Lung Cancer

Smok-Kalwat

Mertowska

Mertowski

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Lung cancer is a disease that in recent years has become one of the greatest threats to modern society. Every year there are more and more new cases and the percentage of deaths caused by this type of cancer increases. Despite many studies, scientists are still looking for answers regarding the mechanisms of lung cancer development and progression, with particular emphasis on the role of the immune system. The aim of this literature review was to present the importance of disorders of the immune system and the accompanying changes at the level of cell signaling in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The collected results showed that in the process of immunopathogenesis of almost all subtypes of lung cancer, changes in the tumor microenvironment, deregulation of immune checkpoints and abnormalities in cell signaling pathways are involved, which contribute to the multistage and multifaceted carcinogenesis of this type of cancer. We, therefore, suggest that in future studies, researchers should focus on a detailed analysis of tumor microenvironmental immune checkpoints, and to validate their validity, perform genetic polymorphism analyses in a wide range of patients and healthy individuals to determine the genetic susceptibility to lung cancer development. In addition, further research related to the analysis of the tumor microenvironment; immune system disorders, with a particular emphasis on immunological checkpoints and genetic differences may contribute to the development of new personalized therapies that improve the prognosis of patients.

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“…In non-squamous NSCLC patients, the most identified driver genes are V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and Anaplastic Lymphoma kinase (ALK). Novel treatments directed to these alterations (targeted therapy), like tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), have rapidly become the new standard therapeutic approach in face of their high efficacy [10,11]. However, not every tumor possesses an actionable molecular alteration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%