Genetic Regulation of Avian Testis Development

Estermann, Martín; Major, Andrew T.; Smith, Craig A.

doi:10.3390/genes12091459

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 216 publications

(331 reference statements)

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“…Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is expressed at low levels from the same time point, either directly or indirectly activated by DMRT1. The crucial testis factor SOX9 is first expressed later (at E6.0/stage 29) at the onset of testis cord organization ( Estermann et al, 2021b ). Gonadal TOX3 expression more closely resembles that of SOX9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DMRT1-mediated regulation of TOX3 modulates expansion of the gonadal steroidogenic cell lineage in the chicken embryo

2023

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During gonadal sex determination, the supporting cell lineage differentiates into Sertoli cells in males and pre-granulosa cells in females. Recently, single cell RNA-seq data indicate that that chicken steroidogenic cells, derive from differentiated supporting cells. This differentiation process is achieved by a sequential upregulation of steroidogenic genes and down-regulation of supporting cell markers. The exact mechanism regulating this differentiation process remains unknown. We identified the gene TOX3 as a novel transcription factor expressed in embryonic Sertoli cells of the chicken testis. TOX3 knockdown in males resulted in increased CYP17A1 positive Leydig cells. TOX3 over-expression in male and female gonads resulted in a significant decline in CYP17A1 positive steroidogenic cells. In ovo knock-down of the testis determinant, DMRT1, in male gonads resulted in a down-regulation of TOX3 expression. Conversely, DMRT1 over-expression caused an increase in TOX3 expression. Taken together, this data indicates that DMRT1 regulation of TOX3 modulates expansion of the steroidogenic lineage, either directly, via cell lineage allocation, or indirectly via signaling from the supporting to steroidogenic cell populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DMRT1-mediated regulation of TOX3 modulates expansion of the gonadal steroidogenic cell lineage in the chicken embryo

2023

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“…Male germ‐cell differentiation is controlled by various signal transduction and transcription factors and strongly dependent on surrounding somatic gonadal cells after their sex differentiation [ 3 , 4 ]. Although various signaling pathways are involved in the development of chicken germ cells [ 11 , 21 ], studies on the mechanisms regulating mitotically arrested male germ cells are lacking [ 22 ]. In this study, we identified signaling pathways involved in mitotic arrest and subsequent quiescent state of male germ cells by single‐cell transcriptome analysis of germ cells isolated from a germ‐cell tracing chicken model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐cell transcriptome analysis of male chicken germ cells reveals changes in signaling pathway‐related gene expression profiles during mitotic arrest

et al. 2023

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Mitotic arrest is necessary for the embryonic development of germ cells, and thus, it is important to understand the signaling pathways that regulate mitotic arrest. Here, we investigated the signaling pathway dynamics of male embryonic chicken germ cells during mitotic arrest by single‐cell transcriptome analysis using germ‐cell tracing models. We identified signaling pathways that change at the transcriptional level during chicken male germ‐cell development after sex determination. We found that several components of the BMP, Notch, and JAK–STAT signaling pathways were downregulated at the mitotic‐arrest stage and were reactivated 1 week after hatching when all germ cells are quiescent after entering mitotic arrest. In addition, the transcriptional levels of components of the MAPK, Hedgehog, and thyroid‐hormone signaling pathways were steadily upregulated after mitotic arrest. This suggests the cooperation of multiple signaling pathways during entry into mitotic arrest and subsequent quiescence of chicken male germ cells.

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“…So far, research on circRNAs has mainly focused on humans and model animals, and less research has been carried out on testicular development. Like other vertebrates, the avian testis is the site of spermatogenesis and androgen production, and research on testicular biology in avians mainly focuses on chickens and ducks ( Estermann et al, 2021 ). Research on circRNA in poultry mainly focuses on muscle cell proliferation and differentiation ( Ouyang et al, 2018 ; Shen X. X. et al, 2019 ), follicle development ( Shen M. M. et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2020 ), disease and immunity ( Qiu et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2020 ) and intramuscular fat deposition ( Wang, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of circRNAs of testes with high and low sperm motility in Yili geese

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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The aim of this study was to explore the potential biological function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the sperm motility traits of Xinjiang Yili geese, and to provide a reference for analyzing the mechanism of regulation of Yili geese sperm motility. The 10 selected Xinjiang Yili Geese with high or low sperm motility (five for each group) were 3 years old, in good health, and were kept in the same feeding conditions. Yili geese were slaughtered for the collection of testicular tissue and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to screen differentially expressed circRNAs for bioinformatics analysis. Combined with the previously screened miRNAs related to the sperm motility of Yili geese, the circRNAs miRNAs regulatory network was constructed. The results showed that a total of 26,311 circRNAs were obtained from testicular tissues with high and low sperm motility, and 173 DECs were screened between the two groups (p < 0.05, |log2Foldchange|>0), of which 82 were up-regulated and 91 were down-regulated. Functional analysis of the source genes of these DECs showed that the source genes were mainly involved in biological processes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the source genes of DECs were mainly enriched in autophagy-animal, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and other pathways. Furthermore, the visual regulatory network of differential circRNA-miRNA-mRNA was constructed, including 20 circRNAs, 18 miRNAs and 177 mRNAs, and nine core regulatory circRNAs were screened, including novell_circ_0045314, novel_circ_0019994 and novel_circ_0020422, etc., targeting ppy-mir-16, hsa-mir-221–3p, gga-mir-499–5p, etc. The results suggest that circRNAs may interact with miRNAs to further regulate mRNA to regulate sperm motility in Yili geese, so as to provide a reference for analyzing the molecular mechanism of sperm motility regulation.

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Genetic Regulation of Avian Testis Development

Cited by 27 publications

References 216 publications

DMRT1-mediated regulation of TOX3 modulates expansion of the gonadal steroidogenic cell lineage in the chicken embryo

DMRT1-mediated regulation of TOX3 modulates expansion of the gonadal steroidogenic cell lineage in the chicken embryo

Single‐cell transcriptome analysis of male chicken germ cells reveals changes in signaling pathway‐related gene expression profiles during mitotic arrest

Differential expression of circRNAs of testes with high and low sperm motility in Yili geese

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