Genetic relatedness and home-range overlap among female black bears (<i>Ursus americanus</i>) in northern Ontario, Canada

Schenk, Anita; Obbard, Martyn E.; Kovacs, Kit M.

doi:10.1139/z98-075

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…These observations predict close associations between genetic relatedness of females and spatial organization of females. A previous test of this prediction showed no relationship between spatial organization and average genetic relatedness measured by DNA fingerprinting (Schenk et al 1998). Schenk et al (1998) proposed possible reasons for the lack of support for the predicted associations, including more frequent female dispersal and higher density in their study population than in that of Rogers (1987b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Given the recent initiation of the recolonization, we believe that analyses of microsatellite data from a single insular population in this system will supplement the mtDNA data for a direct test of the Rogers (1987b) paradigm of bear social structure. Study of the population of bears in Big Bend National Park (Big Bend NP) enables us to avoid the behavioral issues of density-dependent movement and high rates of female dispersal possibly encountered by Schenk et al (1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paternity and relatedness of American black bears recolonizing a desert montane island

Onorato¹,

Hellgren²,

Bussche³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Zool.

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American black bears (Ursus americanus (Pallas, 1780)) are characterized by female philopatry and malebiased dispersal, with predictable consequences for genetic structure of populations. We studied a recolonizing population of black bears on a desert montane island to test genetic-based predictions of bear social behavior. We assessed genetic paternity and relatedness among bears within Big Bend National Park, Texas, from 1998 to 2001 via maternally and biparentally inherited markers and field observations. Data from seven microsatellite loci permitted us to assign paternity for 7 of 12 cubs, and multiple paternity was revealed in one litter. Levels of relatedness in the Park were comparable to those found in a nearby large population in Coahuila, Mexico. Adult female bears in the Park were more closely related to each other than males were to each other. Microsatellite data were consistent with previous analyses of mtDNA sequences that indicated bears in the Mexico-Texas metapopulation exhibit male-biased dispersal. Demographic and genetic data provided a pedigree for 23 of 31 sampled bears and depicted the matriarchal structure of this recently recolonized population. Although females in this insular population are closely related to each other, as predicted by characteristics of ursine social ecology, incoming dispersal by unrelated males results in periodic supplementation of genetic variation.Résumé : Les ours noirs américains, Ursus americanus (Pallas, 1780), se caractérisent par une philopatrie des femelles et une dispersion faite surtout par les mâles, ce qui a des conséquences prévisibles sur la structure génétique des populations. Nous avons étudié une population d'ours noirs qui est en train de se rétablir sur une montagne isolée en région désertique afin de vérifier des prédictions sur leur comportement social basées sur la génétique. Nous avons évalué la paternité génétique et le degré de parenté des ours du parc national de Big Bend, Texas, de 1998 à 2001, au moyen de marqueurs hérités de la mère ou des deux parents et par des observations de terrain. Les données sur sept locus microsatellites nous ont permis d'attribuer la paternité de 7 de 12 oursons et d'identifier une paternité multiple dans une portée. Le degré de parenté dans le parc est semblable à celui que l'on trouve dans la grande population voisine de Coahuila, Mexique. Les ourses adultes sont plus proches parentes les unes des autres que ne le sont les mâles. Les données sur les locus microsatellites sont en accord avec des analyses antérieures des séquences d'ADNmt qui indiquent que les ours de la métapopulation Mexique-Texas ont une dispersion qui est surtout l'apanage des mâles. Des données démographiques et génétiques ont permis de dresser le pedigree de 23 des 31 ours échantillonnés et la description de la structure matriarcale de cette population colonisatrice récente. Bien que les femelles de cette population isolée soient fortement apparentées les unes aux autres, tel que le prédisent les caractéristiques de l'écolog...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternity and relatedness of American black bears recolonizing a desert montane island

Onorato¹,

Hellgren²,

Bussche³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Zool.

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“…Among mountain lions, female-offspring relationships are obtainable prior to dispersal of offspring, or from female home ranges, otherwise relatedness is generally inferred from tracking as many individuals as possible (Logan and Sweanor 2001). The recent application of molecular genetics to behavioral and ecological postulates provides an opportunity to examine social relationships within a reduced time frame (Schenk et al 1998). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal interactions of sympatric mountain lions in Arizona

et al. 2011

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Spatial and temporal interactions among individual members of populations can have direct applications to habitat management of mountain lions (Puma concolor). Our objectives were to evaluate home range overlap and spatial/ temporal use of overlap zones (OZ) of mountain lions in Arizona. We incorporated spatial data with genetic analyses to assess relatedness between mountain lions with overlapping home ranges. We recorded the space use patterns of 29 radio-collared mountain lions in Arizona from August 2005 to August 2008. We genotyped 28 mountain lions and estimated the degree of relatedness among individuals. For 26 pairs of temporally overlapping mountain lions, 18 overlapped spatially and temporally and eight had corresponding genetic information. Home range overlap ranged from 1.18% to 46.38% (x¼24:43, SE=2.96). Male-male pairs were located within 1 km of each other on average, 0.04% of the time, whereas male-female pairs on average were 3.0%. Two male-male pairs exhibited symmetrical spatial avoidance and two symmetrical spatial attractions to the OZ. We observed simultaneous temporal attraction in three male-male pairs and four male-female pairs. Individuals from Tucson were slightly related to one another within the population (n=13, mean R=0.0373 ±0.0151) whereas lions from Payson (n=6, mean R = −0.0079 ± 0.0356) and Prescott (n =9, mean R=−0.0242±0.0452) were not as related. Overall, males were less related to other males (n=20, mean R=−0.0495± 0.0161) than females were related to other females (n=8, mean R=0.0015±0.0839). Genetic distance was positively correlated with geographic distance (r 2 =0.22, P=0.001). Spatial requirements and interactions influence social behavior and can play a role in determining population density.

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“…Taberlet and Bouvet (1992) first utilized hair samples collected in the field from bears as a potential source of DNA. Hair collected systematically from wire snares (Foran et al 1997;McDaniel et al 2000) and its resulting genotypic data can be used to estimate dispersal rates (Schenk et al 1998), gene flow (Paetkau et al 1998) and, if coupled with mark-recapture sampling design, population size (Palsb ll et al 1997;Mowat and Strobeck 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance, genetic diversity and conservation of Louisiana black bears (Ursus americanus luteolus) as detected through noninvasive sampling

Triant

Pace

Stine

2004

Conservation Genetics

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Although the Louisiana black bear (Ursus americanus luteolus) is currently listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, there have been no attempts to estimate range-wide abundance. This subspecies was thought to occupy a near contiguous range across southern Mississippi, Louisiana and east Texas but is now restricted to three isolated areas in Louisiana. In 1964, Louisiana initiated a restocking program in which black bears from Minnesota were introduced into two of these areas. It is not clear how the additions affected population structure or if substantial breeding occurred between native and introduced bears. Using baited sites to snare hair samples, and microsatellite DNA analysis to distinguish individuals, we estimated abundance of two geographically isolated bear populations in south central Louisiana: Inland and Coastal. Additionally, we examined genetic variation both within and between the two populations. Mark recapture analysis of the distribution of individual captures during two primary sampling periods resulted in population estimates of 77 ± 9 for Coastal and 41 ± 6 for Inland. Genetic analysis revealed significant population differentiation (F ST ¼ 0.206) between the two populations. The apparently smaller Inland population exhibited more diversity than the Coastal, which suggests that the genetic structure of the Inland population has been influenced by the reintroduction. Both of these populations are isolated and face considerable demographic and genetic threats, thus conservation measures to protect both are warranted. However, the Coastal population is more representative of Louisiana black bears prior to reintroduction and special consideration should be given to insure its integrity.

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Genetic relatedness and home-range overlap among female black bears (Ursus americanus) in northern Ontario, Canada

Cited by 36 publications

References 51 publications

Paternity and relatedness of American black bears recolonizing a desert montane island

Paternity and relatedness of American black bears recolonizing a desert montane island

Spatial and temporal interactions of sympatric mountain lions in Arizona

Abundance, genetic diversity and conservation of Louisiana black bears (Ursus americanus luteolus) as detected through noninvasive sampling

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