Genetic Relationship between Methicillin-Sensitive and Methicillin-Resistant
            <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
            Strains from France and from International Sources: Delineation of Genomic Groups

Branger, Catherine; Gardye, Carole; Galdbart, Jacques-Olivier; Deschamps, Catherine; Lambert, Nicole

doi:10.1128/jcm.41.7.2946-2951.2003

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A search in the MLST database (http://www.mlst.net/) revealed that 15 out of the 20 STs identified in the present study are exclusively or mostly associated with MSSA isolates, evidencing a high genetic diversity among the MSSA population, as found by others (2,6). Despite the high diversity, eBURST, a computer algorithm used to solve population structures based on MLST data (8), grouped 67% of the MSSA isolates, including clinical and carriage isolates, into four major clonal complexes (CC30, CC5, CC45, and CC8) corresponding to four of the five major MRSA clusters spread worldwide (7,28,29,34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Comparison of Genetic Backgrounds of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Portuguese Hospitals and the Community

et al. 2005

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In order to understand the origins of the dominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones in Portuguese hospitals, we compared the genetic backgrounds of nosocomial MRSA with methicillinsusceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates from the same hospitals (n ‫؍‬ 155) and from the community (n ‫؍‬ 157) where they were located. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, multilocus sequence typing, and agr type analysis revealed that the genetic backgrounds correspondent to the dominant MRSA clones in Portuguese hospitals during the last 15 years (Iberian ST247, Brazilian ST239, and EMRSA-15 ST22) were scarcely or not found among the present MSSA collection. The four major MSSA clones encountered (A-ST30, B-ST34, C-ST5, and H-ST45) correspond, or are very similar, to the background of other international MRSA pandemic clones, i.e., EMRSA-16, New York/Japan, Pediatric, and Berlin clones. However, with the exception of the Pediatric clone, none of these MRSA clones has been detected in Portugal. Our findings suggest the three major MRSA clones identified in Portuguese hospitals have not originated from the introduction of SCCmec into dominant MSSA backgrounds present in the Portuguese nosocomial or community environment but were probably imported from abroad. In contrast, the MRSA Pediatric clone might have originated in our country by the acquisition of SCCmec type IV into MSSA clone C. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the introduction of SCCmec into sensitive clones is most likely a relatively infrequent event that seems to depend not exclusively on the presence of a successful MSSA lineage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Comparison of Genetic Backgrounds of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Portuguese Hospitals and the Community

et al. 2005

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“…However, we did not detect the presence of the mercury operon, suggesting that the Nigerian cassette does not carry SCCmercury and that it is a new SCCmec element. Recombination between different SCCmec types and/or local acquisitions may explain the emergence of new resistance elements (5,12,13). Recent data indicated that the local acquisition of SCCmec elements is a frequent phenomenon (24), highlighting the need to compare the molecular epidemiologies of MSSA and MRSA.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cooccurrence of Predominant Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Sequence Type (ST) 152 and Multidrug-Resistant ST 241 Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Nigerian Hospitals

Okon

Basset²,

Uba

et al. 2009

J Clin Microbiol

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Ninety-six clinical isolates ofStaphylococcus aureus is a major cause of both hospital-and community-acquired infections. In particular, methicillin (meticillin)-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains have been detected worldwide (15), and the prevalence of MRSA varies among countries and health institutions (2,4,27). The emergence of MRSA strains resistant to glycopeptides, as well as the increasing prevalence in the community (7), highlights the need for worldwide epidemiological studies of this pathogen. However, data about the epidemiology and prevalence of staphylococcal infections in Africa are scarce compared to information about such infections in the rest of the world. Studies have indicated low prevalences of MRSA in Nigeria, Somalia, and Tanzania (1), but high prevalences in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Ethiopia, Egypt, Senegal, and the Ivory Coast have been reported (2,9,18). In addition, a recent study of the genetic diversity of S. aureus strains in a carriage population from Mali showed a high frequency of a PantonValentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive clone (25). The mechanisms for the emergence and spread of S. aureus clones in Africa are largely unknown; hence, the characterization of isolates may provide baseline information needed in establishing effective infection control measures in Nigeria.In this study, a total of 96 S. aureus isolates obtained between January and December 2007 from clinical specimens in six tertiary-care hospitals located in northeastern Nigeria were characterized. The isolates were identified based on standard bacteriological procedures (i.e., Gram staining and catalase, tube coagulase, and DNase testing), and susceptibilities to 12 antibiotics (Table 1) were determined by the disk diffusion method according to the CLSI guidelines. All the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, fusidic acid, and mupirocin, and 12 (12.5%) were resistant to methicillin (i.e., oxacillin and cefoxitin resistant) ( Table 1). The MRSA isolates were multidrug resistant (i.e., resistant to beta-lactams, along with at least three other classes of antibiotics), a finding similar to previously reported findings in other African countries like Morocco, Kenya, Cameroon, and South Africa (17). MRSA resistance to non-beta-lactams may further increase the medical expenses and the complexity of patient management, as well as morbidity and mortality rates since alternative antibiotics may not be affordable in many African countries.The genetic diversity of the S. aureus population was assessed by the highly discriminatory double-locus sequence typing (DLST) method as described previously (20). This method is based on the analysis of partial sequences (about 500 bp) of the variable clfB and spa genes. A total of 41 clfB and 46 spa alleles were observed among the 96 S. aureus isolates evaluated by DLST, and these alleles represented 53 different DLST types. The eBURST software was used to cluster DLST types with identical sequences of at least one allele. Cluster analysis showed a low level of diversity amon...

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“…Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) can also determine the genotypic characteristics of staphylococcal isolates by analyzing ϳ450-bp sequences of seven housekeeping genes (5,10). Previous reports using MLST, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, or SCCmec typing have documented the clonality and evolutionary pathway of S. aureus (3,11,12,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Major Genotypes among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Asian Countries

Ko¹,

Lee²,

Suh³

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

185

128

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To investigate the evolutionary pattern and genotypic characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in the Asian region, 74 MRSA strains isolated from 12 Asian countries were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and SCCmec typing. Overall, a total of 16 genotypes based on sequence type and SCCmec types were identified among MRSA strains from Asian countries. Data revealed two major genotypes of MRSA strains in Asia, with unique geographic distributions. By MLST analysis, all strains from Korea and Japan except one belonged to clonal complex 5 (CC5) while most MRSA isolates from other Asian countries belonged to CC239. SCCmec typing showed that most isolates from Korea and Japan were SSmec type II whereas SCCmec type III (or IIIA) was the most common type in strains from other Asian countries. Our data documented a unique geographic distribution and evolutionary pattern of MRSA clones in Asia.

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Genetic Relationship between Methicillin-Sensitive and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains from France and from International Sources: Delineation of Genomic Groups

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Comparison of Genetic Backgrounds of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Portuguese Hospitals and the Community

Comparison of Genetic Backgrounds of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Portuguese Hospitals and the Community

Cooccurrence of Predominant Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Sequence Type (ST) 152 and Multidrug-Resistant ST 241 Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Nigerian Hospitals

Distribution of Major Genotypes among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Asian Countries

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