Genetic relationships among Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes based on the SSRs at the quantitative trait Loci for resistance to Ascochyta Blight

Abstract

Breeding for resistance to ascochyta blight in chickpea has been challenged by several factors including the limited sources of good resistance. Characterization of a set of genotypes that may contain different genes for resistance may help breeders to develop better and more durable resistance compared to current cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic relationships of 37 chickpea germplasm accessions differing in reaction to ascochyta blight using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers linked to Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for resistance. The results demonstrated that ILC72 and ILC3279, landraces from the former Soviet Union, had SSR alleles that were common among the kabuli breeding lines and cultivars. A lower SSR allele diversity was found on LG4 than on other regions. No correlation was found between the dendrogram derived using SSRs at the QTL regions and the SSRs derived from other parts of the genome. The clustering based on 127 alleles of 17 SSRs associated with the QTL for ascochyta blight resistance enabled us to differentiate three major groups within the current germplasm accessions. The first group was the desi germplasm originating from India and cultivars derived from it. The second group was a mix of desi genotypes originating from India and Greece, and kabuli breeding lines from ICARDA and the University of Saskatchewan. The third and largest group consisted of landraces originating mostly from the former Soviet Union and breeding lines/cultivars of the kabuli type. Several moderately resistance genotypes that are distantly related were identified. Disease evaluation on three test populations suggested that it is possible to enhance the level of resistance by crossing moderately resistant parents with distinct genetic backgrounds at the QTL for resistance to ascochyta blight.

GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CULTIVARS OF Cicer arietinum AND ITS PROGENITOR GROWN IN TURKEY DETERMINED BY USING THE SSR MARKERS

“…(Choudhardy et al, 2012) For a long time, cultivated species have been selected and hybridized naturally and artificially; the wild species have almost not been used (Weiguo et al, 2007). Resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses has been found in wild Cicer species (Singh, 1998); therefore the use of resistant cultivars will help to stabilize chickpea yield (Tar'an et al, 2007). Selection for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses has become important.…”

“…Resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses has been found in wild Cicer species (Singh, 1998); therefore the use of resistant cultivars will help to stabilize chickpea yield (Tar'an et al, 2007). Selection for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses has become important.…”

Requirement of Whole-Genome Sequencing and Background History of the National and International Genome Initiatives

“…Many recently released cultivars yield up to 20% or more than those that were released in mid-1990s. Molecular breeding efforts to develop improved genotypes for AB are underway (Tar'an et al 2007a, b). Seed qualities like seed size, shape, and seed coat color were main focus and have been working in collaboration with ICRISAT, France and Australia for developing inter-specific hybrids in chickpea.…”

Genetic relations among Moroccan Opuntia genotypes with different degrees of resistance to Dactylopius opuntiae

“…They are simple to use, are inexpensive, require little DNA, and reveal a high degree of polymorphism (Powell et al, 1996;Hokanson et al, 1998). The characterization of the cactus genotypes by SSRs is useful to identify genotypes, estimate the genetic distance and relationships among accessions (Caruso et al, 2010), and identify resistant genotypes (Tar'an et al, 2007). In this context, the aim of our study was to evaluate using SSR markers the genetic diversity among 18 genotypes of cactus pear with differing degrees of resistance to Dactylopius opuntiae.…”